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Option
Hazards
Assets
Action Type
Sub-Action Type
Build partnerships with local nonprofits to increase opportunities for implementing green infrastructure. Green infrastructure helps manage stormwater on site, can improve water quality, can help protect coastal areas and offers cooling benefits when it is hot outside.
Water Quality
Extreme Heat
Flooding – Coastal
Flooding – General
Flooding – Rainfall-induced
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Property
Water Infrastructure – Stormwater
Partnerships & Collaboration
Partnerships
Collaborate with community-based organizations to develop or expand urban greening and urban agriculture programs. Greenery and urban gardens can help manage stormwater and offer cooling benefits during hot weather.
Extreme Heat
Flooding – General
Agriculture and Food Supply
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Partnerships & Collaboration
Partnerships
Complete an urban tree canopy analysis to determine the ability of parks, tree canopy and wind flow to cool surrounding areas.
Extreme Heat
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Capacity Building
Data Collection, Analysis, Research, Assess Vulnerability & Risk
Create an urban forestry program or position to maintain and improve tree canopy.
Extreme Heat
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Capacity Building
Community Resources, Transformative Strategies, Resilience Hubs
Create policies to increase shade in parking lots by using more and larger shade trees based on best practices.
Extreme Heat
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Capital Improvements - Green & Gray Infrastructure
Nature-based solutions, Green Infrastructure
Design of built environment, tree canopy, transportation (how to move). Opening community centers, education, water, building social/community plans, how elders work within community neighbor networks. >>design of built environment and increase tree canopy
Extreme Heat
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Capacity Building
Community Resources, Transformative Strategies, Resilience Hubs
Develop and implement a jurisdiction-wide green infrastructure plan that supports vegetation-based stormwater management best practices and strategies for managing urban heat.
Water Quality
Extreme Heat
Flooding – General
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Water Infrastructure – Stormwater
Planning & Management
Planning
Develop policies to enhance the urban tree canopy in ways that protect pedestrians and bicyclists from heat and pollution exposure.
Air Quality
Extreme Heat
Transportation and Mobility
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
People
Capital Improvements - Green & Gray Infrastructure
Nature-based solutions, Green Infrastructure
Develop tree planting recommendations for public areas.
Air Quality
Multiple or All Hazards
Extreme Heat
Flooding – General
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Capital Improvements - Green & Gray Infrastructure
Nature-based solutions, Green Infrastructure
Encourage and incentivize the use of pervious landscaped surfaces in new and existing development. Pervious, or permeable, surfaces help manage stormwater on-site and absorb less heat than impervious surfaces.
Drought
Extreme Heat
Flooding – General
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Property
Policy, Codes, & Standards
Building Codes
Engage faith, civic and other community groups to co-organize volunteer opportunities to plant public and private trees.
Air Quality
Extreme Heat
Flooding – General
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Partnerships & Collaboration
Partnerships
Establish policies and management plans to develop urban forests and incentivize the use of best practices for long-term maintenance and preservation of urban trees.
Air Quality
Extreme Heat
Flooding – General
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Policy, Codes, & Standards
Policies
Evaluate landscape and stormwater codes for suitability with projected changes in temperature and precipitation. Include an evaluation of how effectively the codes support the development of green infrastructure.
Extreme Heat
Flooding – General
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Water Infrastructure – General
Water Infrastructure – Stormwater
Policy, Codes, & Standards
Building Codes
Evaluate opportunities to increase shade trees and structures, reduce heat-absorbing surfaces and add “spray” water features and water fountains as part of all capital upgrades.
Extreme Heat
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Capital Improvements - Green & Gray Infrastructure
Nature-based solutions, Green Infrastructure
Expand public, private and nonprofit partnerships to facilitate tree planting and nature-based solutions.
Air Quality
Extreme Heat
Flooding – General
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Partnerships & Collaboration
Partnerships
Identify park-poor communities and ensure that new parks and trail systems are within walking distance to underserved populations.
Extreme Heat
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Natural Areas and Wildlife
Capacity Building
Data Collection, Analysis, Research, Assess Vulnerability & Risk
Implement green infrastructure strategies on properties owned by the local government. Green infrastructure helps manage stormwater on site and it offers cooling benefits during hot weather.
Water Quality
Extreme Heat
Flooding – General
Flooding – Rainfall-induced
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Critical Facilities
Property
Water Infrastructure – Stormwater
Capital Improvements - Green & Gray Infrastructure
Nature-based solutions, Green Infrastructure
Incentivize private property owners to implement green infrastructure (GI) and stormwater best practices through a reduced stormwater fee incentive program, zoning or other mechanisms. Encourage GI installations such as wetlands, supply canals and lakes, green roofs, rain barrels and trees. GI helps manage stormwater on site, can improve water quality, can help protect coastal areas and offers cooling benefits when it is hot outside.
Water Quality
Extreme Heat
Flooding – Coastal
Flooding – General
Flooding – Rainfall-induced
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Aquatic and Marine Resources
Property
Water Infrastructure – Stormwater
Funding & Finance
Financing & Incentives
Increase the tree canopy by implementing urban forestry programs and changing ordinances to require less cutting and more vegetation.
Air Quality
Extreme Heat
Flooding – General
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Capital Improvements - Green & Gray Infrastructure
Nature-based solutions, Green Infrastructure
Increase the urban tree canopy and target areas with urban heat island impacts. Trees are recognized for their ability to provide significant air quality and cooling benefits. It is important to assure that planting efforts increase tree canopy coverage in targeted areas to reduce the impact of extreme heat events.
Extreme Heat
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Capital Improvements - Green & Gray Infrastructure
Nature-based solutions, Green Infrastructure
Launch a “Green Alleys” program. The program could offer garden materials and help coordinate volunteer labor to residents wanting to convert neighborhood alleyways to green space or green infrastructure. The program would increase on-site management of stormwater, help cool the area through evapotranspiration and minimize pollution runoff into nearby streams.
Air Quality
Water Quality
Extreme Heat
Flooding – General
Flooding – Rainfall-induced
Transportation and Mobility
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Water Infrastructure – Stormwater
Partnerships & Collaboration
Partnerships
Locate funds to replant established trees, which offer stormwater management as well as cooling benefits during hot weather, after extreme weather disasters.
High Winds
Landslides
Severe Winter Weather
Wildfire
Extreme Heat
Flooding – General
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Funding & Finance
Funding
Maximize the planning and implementation of green infrastructure at the watershed scale and site-specific locations. Green infrastructure helps manage stormwater on site, can improve water quality, can help protect coastal areas and offers cooling benefits when it is hot outside.
Water Quality
Extreme Heat
Flooding – Coastal
Flooding – General
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Water Infrastructure – Stormwater
Capital Improvements - Green & Gray Infrastructure
Nature-based solutions, Green Infrastructure
Plant additional trees near government facilities to reduce heat islands and energy bills.
Extreme Heat
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Property
Planning & Management
Planning
Prioritize urban heat island mitigation strategies in transportation corridors to reduce the impacts of extreme heat on roads (e.g., trees, green roofs for buildings in transportation corridors, painting roofs white to absorb heat and light).
Extreme Heat
Transportation and Mobility
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Capital Improvements - Green & Gray Infrastructure
Enhance Pavement
Protect, maintain and expand the urban tree canopy.
Air Quality
Extreme Heat
Flooding – General
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Capital Improvements - Green & Gray Infrastructure
Nature-based solutions, Green Infrastructure
Provide resources for homeowners and businesses to plant trees on private property.
Air Quality
Multiple or All Hazards
Extreme Heat
Flooding – General
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Property
Capital Improvements - Green & Gray Infrastructure
Nature-based solutions, Green Infrastructure
Recommend tree planting and protection strategies for private development projects.
Air Quality
Multiple or All Hazards
Extreme Heat
Flooding – General
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Property
Capital Improvements - Green & Gray Infrastructure
Nature-based solutions, Green Infrastructure
Require the use of Open Space Residential Design or Conservation Subdivision regulations for any residential subdivision.
Extreme Heat
Flooding – General
Flooding – Rainfall-induced
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Property
Policy, Codes, & Standards
Building Codes
Set a limit on the percent of impervious surface — area covered by impenetrable materials such as asphalt, concrete and rooftops — allowed on new construction and redevelopment on residential, commercial and industrial sites.
Extreme Heat
Flooding – General
Flooding – Rainfall-induced
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Property
Policy, Codes, & Standards
Building Codes
Support early maintenance and care of trees by building relationships and trust with community members.
Air Quality
Extreme Heat
Flooding – General
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Partnerships & Collaboration
Partnerships
Support neighborhood green infrastructure grants and ongoing maintenance.
Extreme Heat
Flooding – General
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Water Infrastructure – Stormwater
Funding & Finance
Funding
Target areas contributing to the urban heat island for tree plantings.
Extreme Heat
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Capital Improvements - Green & Gray Infrastructure
Nature-based solutions, Green Infrastructure
Use a cooperative procurement process to purchase trees in bulk, in partnership with nearby governments or other local organizations.
Air Quality
Extreme Heat
Flooding – General
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Partnerships & Collaboration
Partnerships
With a focus on areas with residents most vulnerable to extreme heat, launch a program to install neighborhood-level cooling strategies that help residents prepare for higher temperatures. Examples include installing splash pads, spray water features and water fountains; constructing shade structures; planting shade trees; and replacing pavement with vegetation where possible.
Extreme Heat
Urban Landscape and Tree Canopy
Critical Facilities
Capacity Building
Community Resources, Transformative Strategies, Resilience Hubs
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