Stanford opened its Neurosurgical Simulation and Virtual Reality Center in 2016, the first institution in the greater Pacific Northwest to use patient-specific, 3-D virtual reality (VR) technology across the neurosurgery clinics, operating room, and classroom. We are also the first functional neurosurgery and spine clinics in the world to use patient-specific, 360-degree virtual reality for direct patient engagement. Since its opening, over 400 Stanford neurosurgery patients have had Surgical Th