pre-industrial climatological SSTs and forcing, but with 2014 NTCF emissions
Tier 1
none
piControl
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
30
CMIP
Perturbation from 1850 control using 2014 aerosol and ozone precursor emissions
historical SSTs and historical forcing, but with pre-industrial methane concentrations
Tier 1
none
piControl
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1850
2014
165
CMIP
Historical (non-CH4) WMGHG concentrations and NTCF emissions, 1850 CH4 concentrations
historical forcing, but with pre-industrial NTCF emissions
Tier 1
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1850
2014
165
CMIP
Historical WMGHG and halocarbons concentrations, 1850 NTCF emissions
SSP3-7.0, prescribed SSTs, with low NTCF emissions
Tier 1
none
historical
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2015
2100
86
CMIP
Future SSP3-7.0 with reduced NTCF emissions, prescribed SSTs
SSP3-7.0, prescribed SSTs, with low methane concentrations
Tier 1
none
historical
AGCM AER CHEM
BGC
2015
2100
86
CMIP
Future SSP3-7.0 with reduced CH4 concentrations, prescribed SSTs
historical SSTs and historical forcing, but with 1950 halocarbon concentrations. Experiment is initialized from histSST (AerChemMIP) simulation from January 1950
Tier 1
none
histSST
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1950
2014
65
AerChemMIP
Historical WMGHG concentrations and NTCF emissions, 1950 halocarbon concentrations
pre-industrial climatological SSTs and forcing, but with 2014 halocarbon concentrations (including chemistry)
Tier 1
none
piControl
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
30
CMIP
Perturbation from 1850 control using 2014 halocarbon concentrations
historical prescribed SSTs and historical forcing
Tier 1
none
piControl
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1850
2014
165
CMIP
Historical transient with SSTs prescribed from historical
SSP3-7.0, prescribed SSTs, with SSP1-2.6 land use
Tier 1
none
historical
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2015
2100
86
CMIP
Future SSP3-7.0 with low land use change (from ssp126), prescribed SSTs
historical SSTs and historical forcing, but with pre-industrial LULCC
Tier 1
none
piControl
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1850
2014
165
CMIP
An uncoupled (atmosphere and land) experiment in which sea surface temperatures (SST) and sea ice concentrations (SICONC) are taken from historical (as in existing histSST experiment). All forcing agents to follow historical except LULCC. LULCC set to 1850 (exactly following hist-noLu prescription)
SSP3-7.0, with low NTCF emissions
Tier 1
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2015
2100
86
CMIP
Future SSP3-7.0 with reduced NTCF emissions
pre-industrial climatological SSTs and forcing, but with 2014 methane concentrations (including chemistry)
Tier 1
none
piControl
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
30
CMIP
Perturbation from 1850 control using 2014 CH4 concentrations
SSP3-7.0, with SSTs prescribed from ssp370
Tier 1
none
historical
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2015
2100
86
CMIP
Future SSP3-7.0, with SSTs prescribed from ssp370
historical SSTs and historical forcing, but with pre-industrial NTCF emissions
historical SSTs and historical forcings, but with pre-industrial N2O concentrations
Tier 2
none
piControl
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1850
2014
165
CMIP
Historical (non-N2O) WMGHG concentrations and NTCF emissions, 1850 N2O concentrations
SSP3-7.0, with SSTs prescribed as present day
Tier 2
none
historical
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2015
2100
86
CMIP
Experimental set up as ssp370SST except sea surface temperatures (SST) and sea ice concentrations (SICONC) are from a 2005-2014 climatology. Diagnostics are as ssp370SST
pre-industrial climatological SSTs and forcing, but with 2014 ozone precursor emissions
Tier 2
none
piControl
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
30
CMIP
Perturbation from 1850 control using 2014 ozone precursor emissions
pre-industrial climatological SSTs and forcing, but with 2014 black carbon emissions
Tier 2
none
piControl
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
30
CMIP
Perturbation from 1850 control using 2014 BC emissions
historical SSTs and historical forcing, but with pre-industrial aerosol emissions
biogeochemically-coupled version of 1 percent per year increasing CO2 experiment with increasing N-deposition
Tier 2
none
piControl
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
150
CMIP
Biogeochemically-coupled specified concentration simulation in which CO2 increases at a rate of 1% per year until quadrupling, plus an additional scenario of anthropogenic nitrogen deposition
biogeochemically-coupled version of the RCP8.5 based on SSP5
Tier 2
none
hist-bgc
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
2015
2100 or 2300
86
C4MIP, CMIP
Concentration-driven future scenario simulation, biogeochemically-coupled. This simulation should optionally be extended to year 2300
1 percent per year increasing CO2 experiment with increasing N-deposition
Tier 2
none
piControl
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
150
CMIP
Fully-coupled specified concentration simulation in which CO2 increases at a rate of 1% per year until quadrupling, plus an additional scenario of anthropogenic nitrogen deposition
zero emissions simulation branched from 1% run after 1000 PgC cumulative emission
Tier 2
none
1pctCO2 esm-1pctCO2
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
100
C4MIP, CMIP
A zero-emissions simulation (fully interactive CO2; emissions-driven configuration), initiated from the point in the 1pctCO2 experiment when the cumulative carbon emissions reach 1000 PgC
emissions driven 2000PgC bell-curve
Tier 3
none
esm-piControl
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
200
CMIP
An emissions-driven simulation (fully interactive CO2), initiated from esm-piControl using CO2 emissions, amounting to 2000 PgC, following a bell-shape curve for 100 years followed by zero-emissions for 100 years
emissions driven 1% run
Tier 3
none
esm-piControl
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
150
CMIP
An emissions-driven simulation (fully interactive CO2), initiated from the esm-piControl using CO2 emissions diagnosed from the 1pctCO2 experiment so that the emissions-driven run replicates as closely as possible the 1pctCO2 concentration profile
zero emissions simulation branched from 1% run after 750 PgC cumulative emission
Tier 3
none
1pctCO2 esm-1pctCO2
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
100
C4MIP, CMIP
A zero-emissions simulation (fully interactive CO2; emissions-driven configuration), initiated from the point in the 1pctCO2 experiment when the cumulative carbon emissions reach 750 PgC
zero emissions simulation branched from 1% run after 2000 PgC cumulative emission
Tier 3
none
1pctCO2 esm-1pctCO2
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
100
C4MIP, CMIP
A zero-emissions simulation (fully interactive CO2; emissions-driven configuration), initiated from the point in the 1pctCO2 experiment when the cumulative carbon emissions reach 2000 PgC
emissions driven 1000PgC bell-curve
Tier 3
none
esm-piControl
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
200
CMIP
An emissions-driven simulation (fully interactive CO2), initiated from esm-piControl using CO2 emissions, amounting to 1000 PgC, following a bell-shape curve for 100 years followed by zero-emissions for 100 years
emissions driven 750PgC bell-curve
Tier 3
none
esm-piControl
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
200
CMIP
An emissions-driven simulation (fully interactive CO2), initiated from esm-piControl using CO2 emissions, amounting to 750 PgC, following a bell-shape curve for 100 years followed by zero-emissions for 100 years
1 percent per year decrease in CO2 from 4xCO2
Tier 1
none
1pctCO2
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
200
CMIP
1 percent per year decrease in CO2 (immediately after reaching 4xCO2 in the 1pctCO2 simulation); then held constant at pre-industrial level (part of the CDR-reversibility experiment)
pulse removal of 100 Gt carbon from pre-industrial atmosphere
Tier 1
none
esm-piControl
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
100
CMIP
100 Gt C instantly removed (negative pulse) from a pre-industrial atmosphere (part of the CDR-pi-pulse experiment)
pulse addition of 100 Gt carbon to pre-industrial atmosphere
Tier 1
none
esm-piControl
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
100
CMIP
100 Gt C instantly added (positive pulse) to a pre-industrial atmosphere (part of the CDR-pi-pulse experiment)
extension of the LUMIP emissions-driven simulation following SSP5-8.5 with SSP1-2.6 land use
Tier 2
none
esm-ssp585-ssp126Lu
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
2101
2300
200
LUMIP
Long term extension of CO2 emissions driven SSP5-8.5 with SSP1-2.6 land use forcing (part of the CDR-afforestation experiment)
emission-driven SSP5-3.4-OS scenario
Tier 2
none
esm-ssp585
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
2040
2100 or 2300
61
C4MIP
CO2 emissions driven SSP5-3.4 overshoot scenario simulation optionally extending to year 2300 (part of the CDR-overshoot experiment)
emission-driven long-term extension of the SSP5-8.5 scenario
Tier 2
none
esm-ssp585
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
2101
2300
200
C4MIP
Long term extension of CO2 emissions driven SSP5-8.5 scenario (used in the CDR-afforestation and CDR-ocean-alk experiments)
emission-driven SSP5-8.5 scenario but with ocean alkalinization from year 2020 onward
Tier 2
none
esm-ssp585
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
2020
2100 or 2300
81
C4MIP
emission driven SSP5-8.5 scenario with 0.14 Pmol/yr alkalinity added to ice free ocean surface waters from 2020 optionally extended from 2100 to 2300 (part of the CDR-ocean-alk experiment)
emission-driven SSP5-8.5 scenario with alkalinization terminated in year 2070
Tier 3
none
esm-ssp585-ocn-alk
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
2070
2100
31
CDRMIP
Simulation of abrupt termination of ocean alkalinsation in 2070 during an emission driven SSP5-8.5 scenario (part of the CDR-ocean-alk experiment)
concentration-driven fixed 2010 forcing
Tier 3
none
historical
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
2010
2115
106
CMIP
Branch from beginning of year 2010 of the historical simulation with CO2 concentration and all other forcing held fixed at 2010 level (part of the CDR-yr2010-pulse experiment to diagnose CO2 emissions)
historical emissions followed by fixed 2010 emissions (both model-diagnosed)
Tier 3
none
esm-piControl
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
1850
2115
266
CDRMIP
Forced with CO2 emissions diagnosed from historical and yr2010CO2 simulations and all other forcings the same as in that simulation (part of the CDR-yr2010-pulse experiment)
branches from esm-yr2010CO2-control with zero emissions
Tier 3
none
esm-yr2010CO2-control
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
2015
2115
101
CDRMIP
Upon initialization from end of year 2015 of esm-yr2010-control CO2 emissions are fixed at zero; all other forcing fixed at 2010 level (part of the CDR-yr2010-pulse experiment)
instantaneous 100 Gt C addition to an industrial era atmosphere
Tier 3
none
esm-yr2010CO2-control
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
2015
2115
101
CDRMIP
Upon initialization from end of year 2015 of esm-yr2010CO2-control instantaneously introduce 100 Gt C ("positive pulse"; part of the CDR-yr2010-pulse experiment)
instantaneous 100 Gt C removal from industrial era atmosphere
Tier 3
none
esm-yr2010CO2-control
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
2015
2115
101
CDRMIP
Upon initialization from end of year 2015 of esm-yr2010CO2-control instantaneously remove 100 Gt C ("negative pulse"; part of the CDR-yr2010-pulse experiment
AMIP with patterned 4K SST increase
Tier 1
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
1979
2014
36
As CMIP5/CFMIP-2 amipFuture experiment. AMIP experiment where SSTs are subject to a composite SST warming pattern derived from coupled models, scaled to an ice-free ocean mean of 4K
AMIP with uniform 4K SST increase
Tier 1
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
1979
2014
36
As CMIP5/CFMIP-2 amip4K experiment. AMIP experiment where SSTs are subject to a uniform warming of 4K
aquaplanet with control SST and 4xCO2
Tier 1
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
10
Extended version of CMIP5/CFMIP-2 aqua4xCO2 experiment. Aquaplanet experiment where SSTs are held at control values and the CO2 seen by the radiation scheme is quadrupled
aquaplanet with uniform 4K SST increase
Tier 1
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
10
Extended version of CMIP5/CFMIP-2 aqua4K experiment. Aquaplanet experiment where SSTs are subject to a uniform warming of 4K
aquaplanet control
Tier 1
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
10
Extended version of CMIP5/CFMIP-2 aquaControl experiment. Aquaplanet (no land) experiment with no seasonal cycle forced with specified zonally symmetric SSTs
AMIP SSTs with 4xCO2
Tier 1
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
1979
2014
36
As CMIP5/CFMIP-2 amip4xCO2 experiment. AMIP experiment where SSTs are held at control values and the CO2 seen by the radiation scheme is quadrupled
as piSST but with SSTs and sea ice from abrupt-4xCO2, and 4xCO2 seen by radiation and vegetation
Tier 2
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
30
As a4SSTice, but CO2 is quadrupled, and the increase in CO2 is seen by both the radiation scheme and vegetation
abrupt 4% increase in solar constant
Tier 2
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
150
CMIP
Conceptually similar to abrupt 4xCO2 DECK experiment, except that the solar constant rather than CO2 is abruptly increased by 4%
AMIP SSTs with pre-industrial anthropogenic and natural forcing
Tier 2
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
1870
2014
145
Identical to standard AMIP experiment but from 1870-present with constant pre-industrial forcing levels (anthropogenic and natural)
as piSST but with SSTs from abrupt-4xCO2
Tier 2
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
30
As piSST, but with monthly-varying SSTs taken from years 111-140 of each model's own abrupt-4xCO2 experiment instead of from piControl. Sea-ice is unchanged from piSST
as piSST but with SSTs and sea ice from abrupt-4xCO2
Tier 2
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
30
As piSST, but with monthly-varying SSTs and sea-ice taken from years 111-140 of each model's own abrupt-4xCO2 experiment instead of from piControl
aquaplanet control with longwave cloud radiative effects off
Tier 2
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
10
As aqua-control experiment, but with cloud-radiative effects switched off in the LW radiation code
AMIP experiment with uniform 4K SST increase and with longwave cloud radiative effects off
Tier 2
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
1979
2014
36
As amip-p4K experiment, but with cloud-radiative effects switched off in the LW radiation code
AMIP with uniform 4K SST decrease
Tier 2
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
1979
2014
36
As amip experiment but SSTs are subject to a uniform cooling of 4K
as piSST with radiation-only seeing 4xCO2
Tier 2
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
30
Same as piSST but CO2 as seen by the radiation scheme is quadrupled
AMIP experiment with longwave cloud-radiative effects off
Tier 2
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
1979
2014
36
As amip experiment, but with cloud-radiative effects switched off in the LW radiation code
abrupt 4% decrease in solar constant
Tier 2
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
150
CMIP
Conceptually similar to abrupt 4xCO2 DECK experiment, except that the solar constant rather than CO2 is abruptly reduced by 4%
experiment forced with pre-industrial SSTs, sea ice and atmospheric constituents
Tier 2
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
30
An AGCM experiment with monthly-varying SSTs, sea-ice, atmospheric constituents and any other necessary boundary conditions (e.g. vegetation if required) taken from each model's own piControl run (using the 30 years of piControl that are parallel to years 111-140 of its abrupt-4xCO2 run). Dynamic vegetation should be turned off in all the piSST set of experiments
aquaplanet with uniform 4K SST increase and with longwave cloud radiative effects off
Tier 2
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
10
As aqua-p4K experiment, but with cloud-radiative effects switched off in the LW radiation code
as piSST with uniform SST increase with magnitude based on abrupt-4xCO2 response
Tier 2
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
20
Same as piSST, but with a spatially and temporally uniform SST anomaly applied on top of the monthly-varying piSST SSTs. The magnitude of the uniform increase is taken from each model's global, climatological annual mean SST change between abrupt-4xCO2 minus piControl (using the mean of years 111-140 of abrupt-4xCO2, and the parallel 30-year section of piControl)
as AMIP but with warming pattern from abrupt-4xCO2 added to SSTs and 4xCO2 seen by radiation and vegetation
Tier 2
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
1979
2014
36
Same as amip, but a patterned SST anomaly is applied on top of the monthly-varying amip SSTs. This anomaly is a monthly climatology, taken from each model's own abrupt-4xCO2 run minus piControl (using the mean of years 111-140 of abrupt-4xCO2, and the parallel 30-year section of piControl). CO2 is quadrupled, and the increase in CO2 is seen by both the radiation scheme and vegetation
as piSST with radiation and vegetation seeing 4xCO2
Tier 2
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
30
Same as piSST but CO2 is quadrupled. The increase in CO2 is seen by both the radiation scheme and vegetation
abrupt halving of CO2
Tier 2
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
150
CMIP
Identical to the DECK abrupt-4xCO2, but at 0.5xCO2
abrupt doubling of CO2
Tier 2
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
150
CMIP
Identical to the DECK abrupt-4xCO2, but at 2xCO2
AMIP
Tier 1
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1979
2014
36
DECK: AMIP
1 percent per year increase in CO2
Tier 1
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
150
CMIP
DECK: 1pctCO2
abrupt quadrupling of CO2
Tier 1
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
150
CMIP
DECK: abrupt-4xCO2
all-forcing simulation of the recent past with atmospheric CO2 concentration calculated
Tier 1
none
esm-piControl
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
1850
2014
165
CMIP
CMIP6 historical (CO2 emission-driven)
pre-industrial control simulation with CO2 concentration calculated
Tier 1
none
esm-piControl-spinup
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
500
CMIP
DECK: control (emission-driven)
all-forcing simulation of the recent past
Tier 1
none
piControl past1000 past2k
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1850
2014
165
CMIP, PMIP
CMIP6 historical
pre-industrial control
Tier 1
none
piControl-spinup
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
500
CMIP
DECK: control
all-forcing simulation of the recent past (CMIP5-era [1850-2005] forcing)
Tier 2
none
piControl-cmip5
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1850
2005
156
CMIP
CMIP5 historical experiment, using CMIP5-era [1850-2005] forcing
pre-industrial control (spin-up)
Tier 2
none
no parent
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
100
DECK: spin-up portion of the control
pre-industrial control (CMIP5-era [1850-2005] forcing)
Tier 2
none
piControl-spinup-cmip5
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
500
CMIP
DECK: control (CMIP5-era pre-industrial forcing)
pre-industrial control simulation with CO2 concentration calculated (spin-up)
Tier 2
none
no parent
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
100
DECK: spin-up portion of the control (emission-driven)
pre-industrial control (spin-up; CMIP5-era [1850-2005] forcing)
Tier 2
none
no parent
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
100
CMIP
DECK: spin-up portion of the control (CMIP5-era pre-industrial forcing)
post-2014 all-forcing simulation with atmospheric CO2 concentration calculated
Tier 2
none
esm-hist
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
2015
present
1
CMIP
Extension beyond 2014 of the CMIP6 historical (CO2 emission-driven)
post-2014 all-forcing simulation
Tier 2
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2015
present
1
CMIP
Extension beyond 2014 of the CMIP6 historical
historical well-mixed GHG-only run
Tier 1
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1850
2020
171
CMIP
Historical well-mixed GHG-only run. Models with interactive chemistry schemes should either turn off the chemistry or use a preindustrial climatology of stratospheric and tropospheric ozone in their radiation schemes. This will ensure that ozone is fixed in all these simulations, and simulated responses in models with and without coupled chemistry are comparable
historical anthropogenic aerosols-only run
Tier 1
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1850
2020
171
CMIP
historical anthropogenic aerosols-only run
historical natural-only run
Tier 1
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1850
2020
171
CMIP
Historical natural-only run
well-mixed GHG-only SSP2-4.5 run
Tier 2
none
hist-GHG
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2021
2100
80
DAMIP
Extension of well-mixed GHG-only run under SSP2-4.5. Models with interactive chemistry schemes should either turn off the chemistry or use a preindustrial climatology of stratospheric and tropospheric ozone in their radiation schemes
2-year Covid-19 emissions blip followed by strong-green stimulus recovery, based upon ssp245
Tier 2
none
ssp245
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2020
2050
31
ScenarioMIP
Future scenario based on ssp245, but following a path of reduced emissions due to a strong-green stimulus economic recovery from the Covid-19 pandemic restrictions. Concentration-driven
2-year Covid-19 emissions blip based upon ssp245
Tier 2
none
ssp245
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2020
2024 or 2050
5
ScenarioMIP
Future scenario based on ssp245, but with 2-year perturbation to emissions for 2020 and 2021 due to Covid-19 pandemic restrictions. Emissions revert to ssp245 after this. Concentration-driven
stratospheric ozone-only SSP2-4.5 (ssp245) run
Tier 2
none
hist-stratO3
AOGCM
AER
BGC
2021
2100
80
DAMIP
Extension of stratospheric ozone-only run under SSP2-4.5 (ssp245). In models with coupled chemistry, the chemistry scheme should be turned off, and the simulated ensemble mean monthly mean 3D stratospheric ozone concentrations from the SSP2-4.5 simulations should be prescribed. Tropospheric ozone should be fixed at 3D long-term monthly mean piControl values, with a value of 100 ppbv ozone concentration in this piControl climatology used to separate the troposphere from the stratosphere. In model
historical stratospheric ozone-only run
Tier 2
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
BGC
1850
2020
171
CMIP
Historical stratospheric ozone-only. In models with coupled chemistry, the chemistry scheme should be turned off, and the simulated ensemble mean monthly mean 3D stratospheric ozone concentrations from the CMIP6 historical simulations should be prescribed. Tropospheric ozone should be fixed at 3D long-term monthly mean piControl values, with a value of 100 ppbv ozone concentration in this piControl climatology used to separate the troposphere from the stratosphere. In models without coupled chem
2-year Covid-19 emissions blip including anthropogenic aerosols only, based upon ssp245
Tier 3
none
ssp245
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2020
2024 or 2050
5
ScenarioMIP
Detection and attribution experiment: aerosol-only run based on ssp245-covid, with 2-year perturbation to emissions for 2020 and 2021 due to Covid-19 pandemic restrictions. Concentration-driven
historical CO2-only run
Tier 3
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1850
2020
171
CMIP
Historical CO2-only run
historical solar-only run
Tier 3
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1850
2020
171
CMIP
Historical solar-only transient simulation using settings from CMIP6 historical simulation but fixed GHG and ODS (1850 level)
historical ALL-forcing run with alternate estimates of aerosol forcing
Tier 3
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1850
2020
171
CMIP
Historical ALL forcing run with alternate estimates of aerosol concentrations/emissions
historical natural-only run (CMIP5-era historical [1850-2005] and RCP4.5 [2006-2020] forcing)
Tier 3
none
piControl-cmip5
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1850
2020
171
CMIP
historical natural-only run (CMIP5-era historical [1850-2005] and RCP4.5 [2006-2020] forcing)
historical ALL-forcing run with alternate estimates of natural forcing
Tier 3
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1850
2020
171
CMIP
Historical ALL forcing run with alternates estimate of solar and volcanic forcing
historical volcanic-only run
Tier 3
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1850
2020
171
CMIP
Historical volcanic-only run
natural-only SSP2-4.5 run
Tier 3
none
hist-nat
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2021
2100
80
DAMIP
Extension of natural-only run under SSP2-4.5
2-year Covid-19 emissions blip followed by moderate-green stimulus recovery, based upon ssp245
Tier 3
none
ssp245
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2020
2050
31
ScenarioMIP
Future scenario based on ssp245, but following a path of reduced emissions due to a moderate-green stimulus economic recovery from the Covid-19 pandemic restrictions. Concentration-driven
historical anthropogenic aerosols-only run (CMIP5-era historical [1850-2005] and RCP4.5 [2006-2020] forcing)
Tier 3
none
piControl-cmip5
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1850
2020
171
CMIP
historical anthropogenic aerosols-only run (CMIP5-era historical [1850-2005] and RCP4.5 [2006-2020] forcing)
2-year Covid-19 emissions blip including well mixed GHG only, based upon ssp245
Tier 3
none
ssp245
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2020
2024 or 2050
5
ScenarioMIP
Detection and attribution experiment: well-mixed GHG-only run based on ssp245-covid, with 2-year perturbation to emissions for 2020 and 2021 due to Covid-19 pandemic restrictions. Concentration-driven
historical total ozone-only run
Tier 3
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
BGC
1850
2020
171
CMIP
Historical total ozone-only. In models with coupled chemistry, the chemistry scheme should be turned off, and the simulated ensemble mean monthly mean 3D ozone concentrations from the CMIP6 historical simulations should be prescribed through the depth of the atmosphere. In models without coupled chemistry the same ozone prescribed in the CMIP6 historical simulations should be prescribed
historical well-mixed GHG-only run (CMIP5-era historical [1850-2005] and RCP4.5 [2006-2020] forcing)
Tier 3
none
piControl-cmip5
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1850
2020
171
CMIP
historical well-mixed GHG-only run. Models with interactive chemistry schemes should either turn off the chemistry or use a preindustrial climatology of stratospheric and tropospheric ozone in their radiation schemes. This will ensure that ozone is fixed in all these simulations, and simulated responses in models with and without coupled chemistry are comparable (CMIP5-era historical [1850-2005] and RCP4.5 [2006-2020] forcing)
aerosol-only SSP2-4.5 run
Tier 3
none
hist-aer
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2021
2100
80
DAMIP
Extension of aerosol-only run under SSP2-4.5
2-year Covid-19 emissions blip followed by increased emissions due to a fossil-fuel based recovery, based upon ssp245
Tier 3
none
ssp245
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2020
2050
31
ScenarioMIP
Future scenario based on ssp245, but following a path of increased emissions due to a fossil-fuel rebound economic recovery from the Covid-19 pandemic restrictions. Concentration-driven
forecast initialized from observations with forcing from ssp245
A1 (and A2.1, A3.1, and A3.2) Decadal hindcasts begun near the end of each year from 1960 to 2019, or every other year at minimum. First full hindcast year follows start year (e.g., for s1960, first full hindcast year is 1961)
Idealized climate impact of positive AMV anomaly pattern
Tier 1
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
10
CMIP
C1.2 Mechanisms and predictability of the hiatus and of similar long timescale variations of both signs
Idealized climate impact of negative AMV anomaly pattern
Tier 1
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
10
CMIP
C1.3 Mechanisms and predictability of the hiatus and of similar long timescale variations of both signs
hindcast but with only background volcanic forcing to be the same as that used in the 2015 forecast
Tier 1
s1990
no parent dcppA-assim
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1990
5 - 10 years after start year
5
DCPP
C3.1 Effects of volcanoes on decadal prediction and predictability of forced and internal variability components. First full hindcast year is 1991
idealized positive IPV anomaly pattern
Tier 1
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
10
CMIP
C1.5 Mechanisms and predictability of the hiatus and of similar long timescale variations of both signs
Idealized Atlantic control
Tier 1
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
10
CMIP
C1.1 Mechanisms and predictability of the hiatus and of similar long timescale variations of both signs
idealized negative IPV anomaly pattern
Tier 1
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
10
CMIP
C1.6 Mechanisms and predictability of the hiatus and of similar long timescale variations of both signs
idealized positive tropical AMV anomaly pattern
Tier 2
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
10
CMIP
C1.8 Mechanisms and predictability of the hiatus and of similar long timescale variations of both signs
Idealized climate impact of negative tropical AMV anomaly pattern
Tier 2
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
10
CMIP
C1.8 Mechanisms and predictability of the hiatus and of similar long timescale variations of both signs
C1.9 Mechanisms and predictability of the hiatus and of similar long timescale variations of both signs
hindcast but with only background volcanic forcing to be the same as that used in the 2015 forecast
Tier 2
s1981
no parent dcppA-assim
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1981
5 - 10 years after start year
5
DCPP
C3.2 Effects of volcanoes on decadal prediction and predictability of forced and internal variability components. First full hindcast year is 1982
Idealized climate impact of positive extratropical AMV anomaly pattern
Tier 2
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
10
CMIP
C1.7Mechanisms and predictability of the hiatus and of similar long timescale variations of both signs
hindcast but with only background volcanic forcing to be the same as that used in the 2015 forecast
Tier 2
s1962
no parent dcppA-assim
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1962
5 - 10 years after start year
5
DCPP
C3.3 Effects of volcanoes on decadal prediction and predictability of forced and internal variability components. First full hindcast year is 1962
Assimilation run paralleling the historical simulation, which may be used to generate hindcast initial conditions
Tier 2
none
no parent
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
before 1961
2016
56
A2.3 Assimilation runs used to generate initial conditions for hindcasts
Idealized climate impact of negative extratropical AMV anomaly pattern
Tier 2
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
10
CMIP
C1.7 Mechanisms and predictability of the hiatus and of similar long timescale variations of both signs
2015 forecast with added El Chichon forcing
Tier 3
s2014
no parent dcppA-assim
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2014
5 - 10 years after start year
5
DCPP
C3.5 Effects of volcanoes on decadal prediction and predictability of forced and internal variability components. First full hindcast year is 2015
2015 forecast with added Agung forcing
Tier 3
s2014
no parent dcppA-assim
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2014
5 - 10 years after start year
5
DCPP
C3.4 Effects of volcanoes on decadal prediction and predictability of forced and internal variability components. First full hindcast year is 2015
pacemaker Atlantic experiment
Tier 3
s1910 s1920 s1950
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1910, 1920 or 1950
2014
65
CMIP
C1.11 Mechanisms and predictability of the hiatus and of similar long timescale variations of both signs
pacemaker Pacific experiment
Tier 3
s1910 s1920 s1950
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1910, 1920 or 1950
2014
65
CMIP
C1.10 Mechanisms and predictability of the hiatus and of similar long timescale variations of both signs. First full hindcast year is 2015
predictability of 1990s warming of Atlantic sub-polar gyre
Tier 3
s1992 s1993 s1994 s1995 s1996 s1997 s1998 s1999
no parent
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
A year in the range 1992-1999
5 - 10 years after start year
5
C2.1 (and C2.2) Mechanisms and predictability of the hiatus and of similar long timescale variations of both signs. First full hindcast year follows start year (e.g., for s1992, first full hindcast year is 1993)
hindcast initialized based on observations but without using knowledge of subsequent historical forcing
A4.1 Decadal hindcasts begun near the end of each year from 1960 to 2019, or every other year at minimum, but with no information from the future. First full hindcast year follows start year (e.g., for s1960, first full hindcast year is 1961)
hindcast initialized from historical climate simulation but without using knowledge of subsequent historical forcing
A4.2 Hindcasts initialized from historical climate simulations as in DCPP-A2.2, but with no information from the future. First full hindcast year follows start year (e.g., for s1960, first full hindcast year is 1961)
2015 forecast with added Pinatubo forcing
Tier 1
s2014
no parent dcppA-assim
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2014
5 - 10 years after start year
5
DCPP
C3.6 Effects of volcanoes on decadal prediction and predictability of forced and internal variability components. First full hindcast year is 2015
control plus perturbative surface flux of heat into ocean
Tier 1
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
70
CMIP
1xCO2 experiment, parallel to piControl, forced over the ocean by the same method and with the same surface net heat flux perturbation field as in faf-heat, except that within part of the North Atlantic ocean the perturbation is multiplied by 0.5
control plus perturbative surface flux of heat into ocean
Tier 1
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
70
CMIP
1xCO2 experiment, parallel to piControl, forced over the ocean by surface net heat flux anomalies obtained from the CMIP5 ensemble mean of 1pctCO2 experiments at the time of 2xCO2, using a passive tracer to prevent negative climate feedback on the heat flux applied
control plus perturbative surface flux of momentum into ocean
Tier 1
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
70
CMIP
1xCO2 experiment, parallel to piControl, forced over the ocean by surface windstress anomalies obtained from the CMIP5 ensemble mean of 1pctCO2 experiments at the time of 2xCO2
control plus perturbative surface flux of water into ocean
Tier 1
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
70
CMIP
1xCO2 experiment, parallel to piControl, forced over the ocean by surface net freshwater flux anomalies obtained from the CMIP5 ensemble mean of 1pctCO2 experiments at the time of 2xCO2
control plus perturbative surface fluxes of momentum and freshwater into ocean, the latter around the coast of Antarctica only
Tier 2
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
70
CMIP
1xCO2 experiment, parallel to piControl, forced over the ocean with the momentum flux perturbation field of faf-stress and a surface freshwater flux of 0.1 Sv in total to be applied uniformly around the coast of Antarctica in whatever way is most suitable in the model
control plus surface flux of passive heat tracer into ocean
Tier 2
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
70
CMIP
1xCO2 experiment, parallel to piControl, with a flux of passive tracer added at the ocean surface at the same rate as the surface net heat flux anomaly applied in the FAFMIP heat experiment
control plus perturbative surface fluxes of momentum, heat and water into ocean
Tier 2
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
70
CMIP
1xCO2 experiment, parallel to piControl, forced over the ocean simultaneously by surface windstress (as in the wind experiment), net heat flux (as in the heat experiment) and net freshwater flux (as in the water experiment) anomalies obtained from the CMIP5 ensemble mean of 1pctCO2 experiments at the time of 2xCO2, using a passive tracer to prevent negative climate feedback on the heat flux applied
control plus perturbative surface flux of heat into ocean
Tier 2
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
70
CMIP
1xCO2 experiment, parallel to piControl, forced over the ocean by the same method and with the same surface net heat flux perturbation field as in faf-heat, except that within part of the North Atlantic ocean the perturbation is zero
stratospheric sulfate aerosol injection to reduce net forcing from SSP585 to SSP245
Tier 1
none
ssp585
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2020
2100
81
ScenarioMIP
Using equatorial SO2 injection, return the radiative forcing from a background of the ScenarioMIP high forcing to the ScenarioMIP middle forcing
abrupt quadrupling of CO2 plus reduction in total solar irradiance
Tier 1
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
100
CMIP
Beginning from a preindustrial control run, simultaneously quadruple the CO2 concentration and reduce the solar constant such that the TOA radiative flux remains within +/m0.1 W/m2
total solar irradiance reduction to reduce net forcing from SSP585 to SSP245
Tier 1
none
ssp585
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2020
2100
81
ScenarioMIP
Using solar irradiance reduction, return the radiative forcing from a background of the ScenarioMIP high forcing to the ScenarioMIP middle forcing
SSTs, forcings, and other prescribed conditions from year 2020 of SSP5-8.5
Tier 2
none
ssp585
AGCM
AER
CHEM
10
ScenarioMIP
Time slice at 2020 (ScenarioMIP Tier 1 high forcing scenario)
preindustrial control SSTs with quadrupled CO2 and solar reduction
Tier 2
none
piControl
AGCM
AER
CHEM
10
CMIP
Time slice at 1850 (picontrol) for G1ext to examine radiative forcing of abrupt-4xCO2
increase cirrus ice crystal fall speed to reduce net forcing in SSP585 by 1 W m-2
Tier 2
none
ssp585
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2020
2100
81
ScenarioMIP
Against a background of the ScenarioMIP high forcing, reduce cirrus cloud optical depth by a constant amount
year 100 SSTs from abrupt-4xCO2 with quadrupled CO2 and solar reduction
Tier 2
none
G1
AGCM
AER
CHEM
10
GeoMIP
Time slice at year 100 of G1ext to examine radiative forcing of abrupt-4xCO2 and G1
SSTs from year 2020 of SSP5-8.5; forcings and other prescribed conditions from year 2100 of G6solar
Tier 2
none
G6solar
AGCM
AER
CHEM
10
GeoMIP
Time slice at 2100 (G6solar)
SSTs from year 2020 of SSP5-8.5; forcings and other prescribed conditions from year 2100 of G6sulfur
Tier 2
none
G6sulfur
AGCM
AER
CHEM
10
GeoMIP
Time slice at 2100 (G6sulfur)
SSTs from year 2020 of SSP5-8.5; forcings and other prescribed conditions from year 2020 of SSP5-8.5 and cirrus thinning
Tier 2
none
ssp585
AGCM
AER
CHEM
10
ScenarioMIP
Time slice at 2020 (ScenarioMIP Tier 1 high forcing scenario and cirrus thinning according to G7cirrus)
SSTs from year 2100 of SSP5-8.5; forcings and other prescribed conditions from year 2100 of G7cirrus
Tier 2
none
G7cirrus
AGCM
AER
CHEM
10
GeoMIP
Time slice at 2100 (ScenarioMIP Tier 1 high forcing scenario and cirrus thinning according to G7cirrus)
AMIP-style simulation covering the period 1870-2014
Tier 1
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1870
2014
145
Extended AMIP run that covers 1870-2014. All natural and anthropogenic historical forcings as used in CMIP6 Historical Simulation will be included. AGCM resolution as CMIP6 Historical Simulation. The HadISST data will be used
initialized from "historical" run year 1870 and SSTs in tropical lobe of the IPO domain (20degS-20degN, 175degE-75degW) restored to AMIP SSTs with historical forcings
Tier 2
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1870
2014
145
CMIP
Pacemaker 20th century historical run that includes all forcing as used in CMIP6 Historical Simulation, and the observational historical SST is restored in the tropical lobe of the IPO domain (20degS-20degN, 175degE-75degW)
initialized from "historical" run year 1870 and SSTs in the AMO domain (0deg-70degN, 70degW-0deg) restored to AMIP SSTs with historical forcings
Tier 2
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1870
2014
145
CMIP
Pacemaker 20th century historical run that includes all forcing as used in CMIP6 Historical Simulation, and the observational historical SST is restored in the AMO domain (0deg-70degN, 70degW-0deg)
same as "amip" run, but surface elevations of the East African Highlands in Africa, Sierra Madre in N. America and Andes in S. America reduced to 500m
Tier 3
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1979
2014
36
The topography of the highlands in Africa, N. America and S. America TP is modified by setting surface elevations to a certain height (500m). Same model as DECK
same as "amip" run, but sensible heat not allowed for elevations of the Tibetan-Iranian Plateau and Himalayas above 500m
Tier 3
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1979
2014
36
Surface sensible heat released at the elevation above 500m over the TIP is not allowed to heat the atmosphere. Same model as DECK
same as "amip" run, but surface elevations of the Tibetan-Iranian Plateau and Himalayas reduced to 500m
Tier 3
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1979
2014
36
The topography of the TIP is modified by setting surface elevations to 500m; to understand the combined thermal and mechanical forcing of the TIP. Same model as DECK
forced atmosphere experiment for 1950-2014
Tier 1
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
1950
2014
65
Forced global atmosphere-land simulations using daily 1/4 degree SST and sea-ice forcings, and aerosol optical properties (not emissions) to constrain model spread
coupled historical 1950-2014
Tier 2
none
spinup-1950
AOGCM
AER
1950
2014
65
HighResMIP
Coupled integrations with historic external forcings (as in highresSST-present)
coupled spinup with fixed 1950s forcings from 1950 initial conditions (with ocean at rest) to provide initial condition for control-1950 and hist-1950
Tier 2
none
no parent
AOGCM
AER
30
Coupled integration from ocean rest state using recommended HighResMIP protocol spinup, starting from 1950 ocean temperature and salinity analysis EN4, using constant 1950s forcing. At least 30 years to satisfy near surface quasi-equilibrium
coupled control with fixed 1950's forcing (HighResMIP equivalent of pre-industrial control)
Tier 2
none
spinup-1950
AOGCM
AER
100
HighResMIP
Coupled integrations with constant 1950"s forcing
coupled future 2015-2050 using a scenario as close to CMIP5 RCP8.5 as possible within CMIP6
Tier 2
none
hist-1950
AOGCM
AER
2015
2050
36
HighResMIP
Coupled integrations with SSP5 forcing (nearest to CMIP5 RCP8.5 (as in highresSST-future)
common LAI dataset within the highresSST-present experiment
Tier 3
none
highresSST-present
AGCM
AER
1979
2014
36
HighResMIP
Forced global atmosphere-land simulations as highresSST-present, but using an common LAI dataset across models
highresSST-present SST with 4xCO2 concentrations
Tier 3
none
highresSST-present
AGCM
AER
1979
2014
36
HighResMIP
Similar to CFMIP amip-4xCO2, SSTs are held at highresSST-present values and the CO2 seen by the radiation scheme is quadrupled
smoothed SST version of highresSST-present
Tier 3
none
highresSST-present
AGCM
AER
1979
2014
36
HighResMIP
Forced global atmosphere-land simulations as highresSST-present, but using smoothed SST to investigate impact of SST variability
forced atmosphere experiment for 2015-2050 using SST/sea-ice derived from CMIP5 RCP8.5 simulations and a scenario as close to RCP8.5 as possible within CMIP6
Tier 3
none
highresSST-present
AGCM
AER
2015
2050
36
HighResMIP
Extend highresSST-present to 2050 with agreed SSP5/RCP8.5 forcings (with option to extend further to 2100)
uniform 4K warming of highresSST-present SST
Tier 3
none
highresSST-present
AGCM
AER
1979
2014
36
HighResMIP
Similar to CFMIP amip-p4K, add a uniform warming of 4K to highresSST-present SSTs and run the experiment parallel to highresSST-present
offline ice sheet model forced by ISMIP6-specified AOGCM 1pctCO2to4x output
Tier 1
none
ism-pdControl-std
ISM
350
ISMIP6
Idealized 1%/yr CO2 increase to 4xC02 over 140yrs and kept constant at 4xCO2 for an additional 200 to 400 yrs simulation with ice sheets forced "offline" with DECK 1pctCO2 using a standard forcing
offline ice sheet model initMIP control
Tier 1
none
no parent
ISM
100
Offline ice sheet control run for the initMIP experiment that explores the uncertainty in sea level due to ice sheet initialization
preindustrial control with interactive ice sheet
Tier 1
none
no parent
AOGCM
ISM
AER
CHEM
BGC
500
Pre-industrial control simulation that includes interactive ice sheets
offline ice sheet model forced by ISM's own AOGCM 1pctCO2to4x output
Tier 1
none
ism-piControl-self
ISM
350
ISMIP6
Idealized 1%/yr CO2 increase to 4xC02 over 140yrs and kept constant at 4xCO2 for an additional 200 to 400 yrs simulation with ice sheets forced "offline" with DECK 1pctCO2 using forcing from its own AOGCM
extension from year 140 of 1pctCO2 with 4xCO2
Tier 1
none
1pctCO2
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
210
CMIP
branched from 1pctCO2 run at year 140 and run with CO2 fixed at 4x pre-industrial concentration
offline ice sheet forced by initMIP synthetic atmospheric experiment
Tier 1
none
ism-ctrl-std
ISM
100
ISMIP6
Offline ice sheet simulation with synthetic atmospheric dataset to explore the uncertainty in sea level due to ice sheet initialization
offline ice sheet forced by initMIP synthetic oceanic experiment
Tier 1
none
ism-ctrl-std
ISM
100
ISMIP6
Offline ice sheet simulation with synthetic oceanic dataset to explore the uncertainty in sea level due to ice sheet initialization
offline ice sheet forced by ISM's own AOGCM piControl output
Tier 1
none
no parent
ISM
500
Pre-industrial control simulation for "offline" ice sheets
offline ice sheet forced by ISMIP6-specified AOGCM pdControl output
Tier 1
none
no parent
ISM
100
Present-day control simulation for "offline" ice sheets
simulation with interactive ice sheet forced by 1 percent per year increase in CO2 to 4xCO2 (subsequently held fixed)
Tier 1
none
piControl-withism
AOGCM
ISM
AER
CHEM
BGC
350
ISMIP6
Idealized 1%/yr CO2 increase to 4xC02 over 140yrs and kept constant at 4xCO2 for an additional 200 to 400 yrs simulation that includes interactive ice sheets
offline ice sheet forced by ISMIP6-specified AOGCM ssp585 output
Tier 2
none
ism-historical-std
ISM
2015
2100 or 2300
86
ISMIP6
Future climate ScenarioMIP SSP5-8.5 simulation using "offline" ice sheet models. Forcing for ice sheet model is the standard dataset based on ScenarioMIP ssp585
offline ice sheet forced by ISMIP6-specified AOGCM historical output
Tier 2
none
ism-pdControl-std
ISM
1850
2014
165
ISMIP6
Historical simulation using "offline" ice sheet models. Forcing for ice sheet model is the standard dataset based on CMIP6 AOGCM historical
offline ice sheet forced by ISM's own AOGCM historical output
Tier 2
none
ism-piControl-self
ISM
1850
2014
165
ISMIP6
Historical simulation using "offline" ice sheet models. Forcing for ice sheet model is from its own AOGCM
historical with interactive ice sheet
Tier 2
none
piControl-withism
AOGCM
ISM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1850
2014
165
ISMIP6
Historical simulation that includes interactive ice sheets. Set up follows the historical experiment
ssp585 with interactive ice sheet
Tier 2
none
historical-withism
AOGCM
ISM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2015
2100 or 2300
86
ISMIP6
Future climate from ScenarioMIP SSP5-8.5 simulation that includes interactive ice sheets. Set up follows the standard SSP5-8.5 experiment
offline ice sheet forced by ISM's own AOGCM ssp585 output
Tier 2
none
ism-historical-self
ISM
2015
2100 or 2300
86
ISMIP6
Future climate ScenarioMIP SSP5-8.5 simulation using "offline" ice sheet models. Forcing for ice sheet model is from its own AOGCM
offline ice sheet forced by ISMIP6-specified AGCM AMIP output
Tier 3
none
ism-ctrl-std
ISM
1979
2014
36
ISMIP6
Offline ice sheet evolution for the last few decades forced by amip
offline ice sheet forced by ISMIP6-specified AGCM last interglacial output
Tier 3
none
no parent
ISM
20000
Last interglacial simulation of ice sheet evolution driven by PMIP lig127k
prescribed land conditions (from current climate climatology) and initialized from "historical" run year 1980
Tier 1
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1980
2100
121
CMIP
Prescribed land conditions 1980-2014 climate
future ssp1-2.6 land only
Tier 1
none
no parent
LAND
BGC
2015
2100
86
land only simulation for ssp1-2.6
future ssp5-8.5 land only
Tier 1
none
no parent
LAND
BGC
2015
2100
86
land only simulation for ssp5-8.5
prescribed modern land surface climatology from historical, prescribed SST and sea-ice from historical plus scenario runs
Tier 2
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1979
2014
36
Scenario forced experiment with prescribed land surface climatology derived from modern conditions from the first historical ensemble member (1980-2014). SST and sea-ice from the first ensemble members of the historical and ssp585 experiments
future ssp4-3.4 land only
Tier 2
none
no parent
LAND
BGC
2015
2100
86
land only simulation for ssp4-3.4
as LFMIP-pdLC with Land-Hist-princeton
Tier 2
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1980
2100
121
CMIP
Prescribed land conditions 1980-2014 climate with Land-Hist-princeton
as land-hist with CRU-NCEP forcings
Tier 2
none
no parent
LAND
BGC
1850
2014
165
Land only simulations
as LFMIP-rmLC with Land-Hist-princeton
Tier 2
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1980
2100
121
CMIP
Prescribed land conditions 30yr running mean with Land-Hist-princeton
prescribed land surface climatology from historical plus scenario 30yr running mean, prescribed SST and sea-ice from historical plus scenario runs
Tier 2
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1979
2014
36
Scenario forced experiment with prescribed land surface climatology derived from 30yr running mean from the first ensemble members of the historical and ssp585 experiments. SST and sea-ice from the first ensemble members of the historical and ssp585 experiments
as LFMIP-pdLC with Land-Hist-cruNcep
Tier 2
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1980
2100
121
CMIP
Prescribed land conditions 1980-2014 climate with Land-Hist-cruNcep
as land-hist with WFDEI forcings
Tier 2
none
no parent
LAND
BGC
1850
2014
165
Land only simulations
as LFMIP-rmLC with Land-Hist-wfdei
Tier 2
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1980
2100
121
CMIP
Prescribed land conditions 30yr running mean with Land-Hist-wfdei
as LFMIP-pdLC with Land-Hist-wfdei
Tier 2
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1980
2100
121
CMIP
Prescribed land conditions 1980-2014 climate with Land-Hist-wfdei
as land-hist with Princeton forcings
Tier 2
none
no parent
LAND
BGC
1850
2014
165
Land only simulations
prescribed land conditions (from running mean climatology) and initialized from "historical" run year 1980
Tier 2
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1980
2100
121
CMIP
Prescribed land conditions 30yr running mean
as LFMIP-rmLC with Land-Hist-cruNcep
Tier 2
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1980
2100
121
CMIP
Prescribed land conditions 30yr running mean with Land-Hist-cruNcep
initialized from "historical" run year 1980, but with land conditions initialized from pseudo-observations
Tier 2
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1980
2014
35
CMIP
Initialized pseudo-observations land
prescribed land (from pseudo-observations) and AMIP SSTs
Tier 2
none
no parent
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1979
2014
36
Land-hist land conditions; AMIP SSTs
historical land-only
Tier 1
none
no parent
LAND
BGC
1850 or 1700
2014
165
Land only simulations
idealized transient global deforestation
Tier 1
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
81
CMIP
Idealized deforestation experiment, 20 million km2 forest removed linearly over a period of 50 years, with an additional 30 years with no specified change in forest cover; all other forcings held constant
SSP3-7.0 with SSP1-2.6 land use
Tier 1
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2015
2100
86
CMIP
Additional land use policy sensitivity simulation for high radiative forcing scenario, keep all forcings the same as ScenarioMIP SSP3-7 (deforestation scenario), but replace land use from SSP1-2.6 (afforestation) scenario; concentration-driven
SSP1-2.6 with SSP3-7.0 land use
Tier 1
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2015
2100
86
CMIP
Additional land use policy sensitivity simulation for low radiative forcing scenario, keep all forcings the same as ScenarioMIP SSP1-2.6 (afforestation scenario), but replace land use from SSP3-7 (afforestation) scenario; concentration-driven
historical with no land-use change
Tier 1
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1850
2014
165
CMIP
Same as CMIP6 historical but with land cover held at 1850, no human activity; concentration driven
emissions-driven SSP5-8.5 with SSP1-2.6 land use
Tier 1
none
esm-hist
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
2015
2100
86
CMIP
Additional land use policy sensitivity simulation for high radiative forcing scenario, keep all forcings the same as in C4MIP esmssp5-8.5 scenario except use SSP1-2.6 land use; emission driven
historical land-only alternate start year
Tier 1
none
no parent
LAND
BGC
1850 or 1700
2014
165
Same as land-hist except starting from either 1700 (for models that typically start in 1850) or 1850 (for models that typically start in 1700)
historical land-only with no land-use change
Tier 1
none
no parent
LAND
BGC
1850 or 1700
2014
165
Same as land-hist except no land-use change
historical land-only with cropland as natural grassland
Tier 2
none
no parent
LAND
BGC
1850 or 1700
2014
165
Same as land-hist but with all new crop and pastureland treated as unmanaged grassland
historical land-only constant CO2
Tier 2
none
no parent
LAND
BGC
1850 or 1700
2014
165
Same as land-hist except with CO2 held constant
historical land-only alternate land use history
Tier 2
none
no parent
LAND
BGC
1850 or 1700
2014
165
Land only simulations
historical land-only with no irrigation
Tier 2
none
no parent
LAND
BGC
1850 or 1700
2014
165
Same as land-hist but with irrigated area held at 1850 levels
historical land-only constant climate
Tier 2
none
no parent
LAND
BGC
1850 or 1700
2014
165
Same as land-hist except with climate held constant
historical land-only with no human fire management
Tier 2
none
no parent
LAND
BGC
1850 or 1700
2014
165
Same as land-hist but with anthropogenic ignition and suppression held to 1850 levels
historical land-only alternate land-use history
Tier 2
none
no parent
LAND
BGC
1850 or 1700
2014
165
Land only simulations
historical land-only with no fertilizer
Tier 2
none
no parent
LAND
BGC
1850 or 1700
2014
165
Same as land-hist but with fertilization rates and area held at 1850 levels/distribution
historical land-only with no wood harvest
Tier 2
none
no parent
LAND
BGC
1850 or 1700
2014
165
Same as land-hist but with wood harvest maintained at 1850 amounts/areas
historical land-only with constant pastureland
Tier 2
none
no parent
LAND
BGC
1850 or 1700
2014
165
Same as land-hist but with grazing and other management on pastureland held at 1850 levels/distribution, i.e. all new pastureland is treated as unmanaged grassland (as in land-crop-grass)
historical land-only with shifting cultivation turned off
Tier 2
none
no parent
LAND
BGC
1850 or 1700
2014
165
Same as land-hist except shifting cultivation turned off. An additional LUC transitions dataset will be provided as a data layer within LUMIP LUH2 dataset with shifting cultivation deactivated
historical land-only with managed crops but with irrigation and fertilization held constant
Tier 2
none
no parent
LAND
BGC
1850 or 1700
2014
165
Same as land-hist except with plants in cropland area utilizing at least some form of crop management (e.g., planting and harvesting) rather than simulating cropland vegetation as a natural grassland. Irrigated area and fertilizer area/use should be held constant
OMIP experiment forced by Large and Yeager (CORE-2, NCEP) atmospheric data set and initialized with observed physical and biogeochemical ocean data
Tier 1
none
no parent
OGCM
BGC
310
Global ocean - sea-ice coupled experiment forced with the Coordinated Ocean - ice Reference Experiments inter-annually varying atmospheric and river data sets for years 1948-2009. Initial ocean tracer fields are based on observations. Simulation length for at least 5 cycles of the 62-year forcing is required. The 5-cycle length is recommended to facilitate intercomparison within the experiment by using a common simulation length, but a longer simulation length is also accepted. For each simulati
OMIP experiment forced by Large and Yeager (CORE-2, NCEP) atmospheric data set and initialized from at least a 2000-year spin up of the coupled physical-biogeochemical model
Tier 2
none
no parent
OGCM
BGC
310
Same as the omip1 experiment except that it is not initialized with observed climatologies; rather it is initialized with results from at least a 2000-year spin up of the coupled physical-biogeochemical models. The spin up simulations may be made with the classic online or offline approach, or with tracer-acceleration techniques or fast solvers. If an online approach is used, at the end of the 5th cycle of CORE-II forcing, the model's physical fields should be reinitialized to the values at the
OMIP experiment forced by JRA55-do atmospheric data set and initialized with observed physical and biogeochemical ocean data
Tier 3
none
no parent
OGCM
BGC
366
Global ocean - sea-ice coupled experiment forced with the JRA55-do inter-annually varying atmospheric and river data sets for years 1958-2018. Initial ocean tracer fields are based on observations. Simulation length for at least 6 cycles of the 61-year forcing is required. The 6-cycle length is recommended to facilitate intercomparison within the experiment by using a common simulation length, but a longer simulation length is also accepted. In each simulation, set the beginning of the simulatio
OMIP experiment forced by JRA55-do atmospheric data set and initialized from at least a 2000-year spin up of the coupled physical-biogeochemical model
Tier 3
none
no parent
OGCM
BGC
366
Same as the omip2 experiment except that it is not initialized with observed climatologies; rather it is initialized with results from at least a 2000-year spin up of the coupled physical-biogeochemical models. The spin up simulations may be made with the classic online or offline approach, or with tracer-acceleration techniques or fast solvers. If an online approach is used, at the end of the 6th cycle of the JRA55-do forcing, the model's physical fields should be reinitialized to the values at
Atmosphere time slice with present day SST and pre-industrial Arctic SIC
Tier 1
none
amip
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2000
2001
1
CMIP
PA1.5: investigate response to Arctic sea ice and its role in polar amplification
Atmosphere time slice with present day SST and SIC
Tier 1
none
amip
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2000
2001
1
CMIP
PA1.1: atmosphere only model present day control
Atmosphere time slice with pre-industrial SST and present day SIC
Tier 1
none
amip
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2000
2001
1
CMIP
PA1.3: investigate role of SST in polar amplification
Atmosphere time slice with present day SST and pre-industrial Antarctic SIC
Tier 1
none
amip
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2000
2001
1
CMIP
PA1.7: investigate response to Antarctic sea ice and its role in polar amplification
Atmosphere time slice with present day SST and future Arctic SIC
Tier 1
none
amip
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2000
2001
1
CMIP
PA1.6: investigate response to Arctic sea ice and its role in polar amplification
Atmosphere time slice with present day SST and future Antarctic SIC
Tier 1
none
amip
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2000
2001
1
CMIP
PA1.8: investigate response to Antarctic sea ice and its role in polar amplification
Partially-coupled time slice contrained by present day SIC
Tier 2
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2000
2001
1
CMIP
PA2.1: coupled model present day control constrained by oberved sea ice
Partially-coupled time slice with pre-industrial Antarctic SIC
Tier 2
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2000
2001
1
CMIP
PA2.4: investigate response to Antarctic sea ice in coupled model
Partially-coupled time slice constrained by future Antarctic SIC
Tier 2
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2000
2001
1
CMIP
PA2.5: investigate response to Antarctic sea ice in coupled model
Atmosphere time slice with pre-industrial SST and SIC
Tier 2
none
amip
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2000
2001
1
CMIP
PA1.2: atmosphere only model pre-industrial control
Partially-coupled time slice constrained by pre-industrial Arctic SIC
Tier 2
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2000
2001
1
CMIP
PA2.2: investigate response to Arctic sea ice in coupled model
Atmosphere time slice with future SST and present day SIC
Tier 2
none
amip
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2000
2001
1
CMIP
PA1.4: investigate role of SST in polar amplification
Partially-coupled time slice constrained by future Arctic SIC
Tier 2
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2000
2001
1
CMIP
PA2.3: investigate response to Arctic sea ice in coupled model
Atmosphere time slice with present day SST and future Barents and Kara Seas SIC
Tier 3
none
amip
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2000
2001
1
CMIP
PA3.2: investigate response to sea ice in Barents and Kara Seas
AMIP with climatological SST
Tier 3
none
amip
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1979
2014
36
CMIP
PA5.1: investigate role of transient sea ice in recent climate change
Partially-coupled extended simulation with future Arctic SIC
Tier 3
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2000
2099
100
CMIP
PA6.2: investigate decadal and longer timescale response to Arctic sea ice
Partially-coupled extended simulation constrained by present day SIC
Tier 3
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2000
2099
100
CMIP
PA6.1: centennial coupled model present day control constrained by oberved sea ice
Partially-coupled extended simulation with future Antarctic SIC
Tier 3
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2000
2099
100
CMIP
PA6.3: investigate decadal and longer timescale response to Antarctic sea ice
Atmosphere time slice with present day coupled model SST and future Arctic SIC
Tier 3
none
amip
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2000
2001
1
CMIP
PA4.2: investigate role of background state in response to Arctic sea ice
Atmosphere time slice with present day SST and future Arctic SIC and sea ice thickness
Tier 3
none
amip
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2000
2001
1
CMIP
PA1.10: investigate role of sea ice thickness in response to Arctic sea ice
Atmosphere time slice with present day SST and future Sea of Okhotsk SIC
Tier 3
none
amip
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2000
2001
1
CMIP
PA3.1: investigate response to sea ice in Sea of Okhotsk
Atmosphere time slice constrained by present day conditions including sea ice thickness
Tier 3
none
amip
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2000
2001
1
CMIP
PA1.9: atmosphere only model present day control with sea ice thickness
AMIP with climatological SIC
Tier 3
none
amip
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1979
2014
36
CMIP
PA5.2: investigate role of transient SST in recent climate change
Atmosphere time slice present day control with coupled model SST
Tier 3
none
amip
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2000
2001
1
CMIP
PA4.1: atmosphere only model present day control with coupled model SST
last interglacial (127k)
Tier 1
none
no parent
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
100
main forcings: astronomical parameters, trace gases, dust (forcing, or feedback if dust cycle represented in model)
mid-Holocene
Tier 1
none
no parent
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
200
main forcings: trace gases, orbital parameters, dust (forcing, or feedback if dust cycle represented in model)
last glacial maximum
Tier 1
none
no parent
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
100
main forcings: ice-sheet; trace gases, astronomical parameters, dust (forcing, or feedback if dust cycle represented in model)
mid-Pliocene warm period
Tier 1
none
no parent
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
100
main forcings: trace gases, orography, ice-sheet
last millennium
Tier 1
none
no parent
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
850
1849
1000
main forcings: trace gases, volcanoes, solar variability, land use
last millennium experiment using only volcanic forcing
Tier 2
none
no parent
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
850
1849
1000
Parallel experiment to past1000. Instead of the complete forcing set, only volcanic forcing is considered
last millennium experiment using only solar forcing
Tier 2
none
no parent
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
850
1849
1000
Parallel experiment to past1000. Instead of the complete forcing set, only solar (TSI, SSI) forcing is considered
last two millennia experiment
Tier 3
none
no parent
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1
1849
1849
Experiment extending the past1000 simulation back in time to include the first millennium CE. Main forcings: trace gases, volcanoes, solar variability, land-use. past1000 forcings data sets include the first millennium, except for land-use. For the latter, a linear ramp-up to 850CE values is recommended
last millennium experiment with interactive carbon cycle
Tier 3
none
no parent
AOGCM
BGC
AER
CHEM
850
1849
1000
Parallel experiment to past1000, but for model set-ups with interactive carbon cycle. Main forcings: trace gases, volcanoes, solar variability, land-use
effective radiative forcing by present-day greenhouse gases
Tier 1
none
piControl
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
30
CMIP
As in piClim-control but with present-day non-ozone greenhouse gases
effective radiative forcing by present-day land use
Tier 1
none
piControl
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
30
CMIP
As in piClim-control but with present-day land use
historical simulation with specified anthropogenic aerosols
Tier 1
none
piControl
AOGCM
CHEM
BGC
1850
2014
165
CMIP
Prescribed anthropogenic aerosol optical properties. All forcings
offline assessment of radiative transfer parmeterizations in clear skies
Tier 1
none
no parent
RAD
Offline radiation calculations
effective radiative forcing by 4xCO2
Tier 1
none
piControl
AGCM
AER
CHEM
30
CMIP
As in piClim-control but with 4xCO2
effective radiative forcing by present day anthropogenic agents
Tier 1
none
piControl
AGCM
AER
CHEM
30
CMIP
As in piClim-control but with present-day anthropogenic forcing (greenhouse gases, ozone, aerosols and land-use)
transient effective radiative forcing by natural perturbations
Tier 2
none
piControl
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1850
2100
251
CMIP
Time-varying forcing from volcanos, solar variability, etc. SST and sea ice fixed at preindustrial control. Interactive vegetation
transient effective radiative forcing by greenhouse gases
Tier 2
none
piControl
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1850
2100
251
CMIP
Time-varying forcing by non-ozone GHGs. SST and sea ice fixed at preindustrial control. Interactive vegetation
transient effective radiative forcing with specified anthropogenic aerosol optical properties, all forcings
Tier 2
none
piControl
AGCM
1850
2014
165
CMIP
Prescribed anthropogenic aerosol optical properties. All anthropogenic and natural forcings
effective radiative forcing at present day with specified anthropogenic aerosol optical properties, anthropogenic forcings
Control simulation providing baseline for evaluating effective radiative forcing (ERF)
Tier 1
none
piControl
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
30
CMIP
30-year atmosphere only integration using preindustrial sea-surface temperature and sea-ice climatology. Interactive vegetation
effective radiative forcing by present-day aerosols
Tier 1
none
piControl
AGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
30
CMIP
As in piClim-control but with with present-day aerosols. Note that this experiment is considered to be tier 1 by RFMIP but tier 2 by AerChemMIP
update of RCP4.5 based on SSP2
Tier 1
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2015
2100
86
CMIP
Future scenario with medium radiative forcing by the end of century. Following approximately RCP4.5 global forcing pathway but with new forcing based on SSP2. Concentration-driven
update of RCP2.6 based on SSP1
Tier 1
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2015
2100 or 2300
86
CMIP
Future scenario with low radiative forcing by the end of century. Following approximately RCP2.6 global forcing pathway but with new forcing based on SSP1. Concentration-driven. As a tier 2 option, this simulation should be extended to year 2300
update of RCP8.5 based on SSP5
Tier 1
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2015
2100 or 2300
86
CMIP
Future scenario with high radiative forcing by the end of century. Following approximately RCP8.5 global forcing pathway but with new forcing based on SSP5. Concentration-driven. As a tier 2 option, this simulation should be extended to year 2300
gap-filling scenario reaching 3.4 based on SSP4
Tier 2
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2015
2100
86
CMIP
Future scenario with low radiative forcing by the end of century. Reaches about 3.4 W/m2 by 2100; fills gap in RCP forcing pathways between 4.5 and 2.6 W/m2. Concentration-driven
update of RCP6.0 based on SSP4
Tier 2
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2015
2100
86
CMIP
Future scenario with medium radiative forcing by the end of century. Following approximately RCP6.0 global forcing pathway but with new forcing based on SSP4. Concentration-driven
overshoot of 3.4 W/m**2 branching from ssp585 in 2040
Tier 2
none
ssp585
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2040
2100 or 2300
61
ScenarioMIP
21st century overshoot scenario relative to SSP5_34. Branches from SSP5_85 at 2040 with emissions reduced to zero by 2070 and negative thereafter. This simulation should optionally be extended to year 2300
low-end scenario reaching 1.9 W m-2, based on SSP1
Tier 2
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2015
2100
86
CMIP
Future scenario with low radiative forcing throughout reaching about 1.9 W/m2 in 2100 based on SSP1. Concentration-driven
future projection based on CMIP5-era RCP4.5 scenario (CMIP5-era [2006-2100] forcing)
Tier 3
none
historical-cmip5
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2006
2100 or 2300
95
CMIP
future scenario with low-medium radiative forcing by the end of century. Following RCP4.5 global forcing pathway. Concentration-driven (CMIP5-era [2006-2100] forcing)
future projection based on CMIP5-era RCP8.5 scenario (CMIP5-era [2006-2100] forcing)
Tier 3
none
historical-cmip5
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2006
2100 or 2300
95
CMIP
future scenario with high radiative forcing by the end of century. Following RCP8.5 global forcing pathway. Concentration-driven (CMIP5-era [2006-2100] forcing)
future projection based on CMIP5-era RCP2.6 scenario (CMIP5-era [2006-2100] forcing)
Tier 3
none
historical-cmip5
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2006
2100 or 2300
95
CMIP
future scenario with low radiative forcing by the end of century. Following RCP2.6 global forcing pathway. Concentration-driven (CMIP5-era [2006-2100] forcing)
future projection based on CMIP5-era RCP6.0 scenario (CMIP5-era [2006-2100] forcing)
Tier 3
none
historical-cmip5
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2006
2100 or 2300
95
CMIP
future scenario with medium radiative forcing by the end of century. Following RCP6.0 global forcing pathway. Concentration-driven (CMIP5-era [2006-2100] forcing)
gap-filling scenario reaching 7.0 based on SSP3
Tier 1
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2015
2100
86
CMIP
Future scenario with high radiative forcing by the end of century. Reaches about 7.0 W/m2 by 2100; fills gap in RCP forcing pathways between 6.0 and 8.5 W/m2. Concentration-driven
Pinatubo experiment
Tier 1
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
3
CMIP
1991 Pinatubo forcing as used in the CMIP6 historical simulations. Requires special diagnostics of radiative and latent heating rates. A large number of ensemble members is required to address internal atmospheric variability
Pinatubo experiment with partial radiative forcing, solar radiation scattering only
Tier 1
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
3
CMIP
As volc-pinatubo-full, but with prescribed perturbation to the shortwave flux to mimic the attenuation of solar radiation by volcanic aerosols
Pinatubo experiment with partial radiative forcing, includes only stratospheric warming
Tier 1
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
3
CMIP
As volc-pinatubo-full, but with prescribed perturbation to the total (LW+SW) radiative heating rates
Idealized equatorial eruption corresponding to an initial emission of 56.2 Tg of SO2. The eruption magnitude corresponds to recent estimates for the 1815 Tambora eruption (Sigl et al., 2015), the largest historical tropical eruption, which was linked to the so-called "year without a summer" in 1816. Experiment initialized from PiControl
idealized Northern Hemisphere high-latitude eruption emitting 28.1 Tg of SO2
Tier 2
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
20
CMIP
Idealized Northern Hemisphere high-latitude eruption emitting 28.1 Tg of SO2. Experiment initialized from PiControl
19th century volcanic cluster initialized from PiControl
Tier 2
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
50
CMIP
Early 19th century cluster of strong tropical volcanic eruptions, including the 1809 event of unknown location, the 1815 Tambora and 1835 Cosigueina eruptions. Experiment initialized from PiControl
volcanic cluster experiment under 21st century SSP2-4.5 scenario
Tier 3
none
historical
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
2015
2100
86
CMIP
Parallel experiment to volc-cluster-ctrl, using restart files from the end of the historical simulation instead of from piControl, and boundary conditions from the 21st century SSP2-4.5 scenario experiment of ScenarioMIP
Pinatubo experiment with slab ocean
Tier 3
none
control-slab
AGCM
SLAB
AER
CHEM
BGC
3
VolMIP
As volc-pinatubo-full, but with a slab ocean
control with slab ocean
Tier 3
none
no parent
AGCM
SLAB
AER
CHEM
BGC
30
slab control run for volc-pinatubo-slab
Idealized Southern Hemisphere high-latitude eruption emitting 28.1 Tg of SO2
Tier 3
none
piControl
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
20
CMIP
Idealized Southern Hemisphere high-latitude eruption emitting 28.1 Tg of SO2. Experiment initialized from PiControl
19th century volcanic cluster initialized from past1000
Tier 3
none
past1000
AOGCM
AER
CHEM
BGC
1790
1858
69
PMIP
Parallel experiment to volc-cluster-ctrl but with initial conditions taken from last millennium simulation to account for the effects of a more realistic history of past natural forcing. All forcings except volcanic kept constant from year AD 1790 on