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Title
Day/Time
Session name
Location
Format
Duration
Full Name
Authors
Abstract
Email
Chair/Introducer
Background
Keywords
Permission to videotape
Session number
THURSDAY BREAKFAST
8/17/2023
7:30am
Atrium
Other
1:00
Clonal evolution and cancer – causes and consequences
8/17/2023
9:00am
Keynote
Auditorium
Plenary talk
1:00
James DeGregori
James DeGregori, University of Colorado Cancer Center Marco De Dominici, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus (Aurora, CO) Edward J Evans, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus (Aurora, CO), Emilia Lim, The Francis Crick Institute (London), University College London Cancer Institute (London) Fabio Marongiu, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus (Aurora, CO), Andrew Goodspeed, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus (Aurora, CO), Andrii I Rozhok, University o
Why do we get cancer? Why is cancer highly associated with old age, and why are insults like smoking associated with increased risk of cancers? Of course, these contexts all cause mutations, and some of these mutations can contribute to malignant phenotypes. But we now understand that carcinogenesis is much more complex than originally appreciated. There are microenvironmental forces that both impede and promote cancer evolution. Just as organismal evolution is known to be driven by environmenta
james.degregori@cuanschutz.edu
Gillian Bentley
Faculty
cancer, ageing
Keynote 3
Coffee break 6
8/17/2023
10:00am
Coffee break 6
Atrium
Other
0:30
Coffee
Novel Perspectives on Cancer: Ecology, Evolution, and the Environment
8/17/2023
10:15am
Auditorium
Symposium
1:00
Anuraag Bukkuri
Leonard Nunney: https://biology.ucr.edu/people/faculty/Nunney.html, nunney@ucr.edu Emma U. Hammarlund: https://tide.blogg.lu.se/molecular-evolution/, emma.hammarlund@med.lu.se Michael Metzger: https://www.pnri.org/research/labs/metzger-lab/, metzgerm@pnri.org
Traditionally, cancer has been viewed as a disease of uncontrolled proliferation. This has led to a cell-centric view with limited progress in the treatment of advanced cancers despite massive financial investment since the "war on cancer" was declared over 50 years ago. Although the importance of understanding eco-evolutionary dynamics has been appreciated in recent years and evolutionary therapies are on the rise, much remains lacking in our understanding of oncogenesis.   Via a series of talk
anuraag.bukkuri@moffitt.org
Anuraag Bukkuri
Faculty
Cancer evolution, comparative oncology, history of life, transmissible cancers
Evolution of Contagious Cancers in Clams
8/17/2023
10:30am
Novel Perspectives on Cancer: Ecology, Evolution, and the Environment
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Michael Metzger
Michael J Metzger, Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
Cancer is not normally contagious, but in several cases in nature, cancer cells have evolved the ability to jump from one animal to another, essentially becoming a clonal, asexually reproducing cell line. In clams, cockles, and other bivalves, multiple leukemia-like cancers have arisen and spread through the environment. In some cases they have jumped from one species to another and, in the case of mussels, they have spread around the world, with cancer cells from a single founder animal found i
metzgerm@pnri.org
Anurag Bukkuri
Faculty
cancer evolution, transmissible cancer, cancer genetics
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Symposium 2
The body is not a machine: What can replace the misleading metaphor?
8/17/2023
10:30am
Body is not a machine
Huntington room
Symposium
1:00
Randolph Nesse
Fred Nijhout <hfn@duke.edu>, https://nijhoutlab.biology.duke.edu/ Matt David <mattdavid@tamu.edu>, https://medicine.tamu.edu/omsre/msr.html Arvid Ågren <arvid.agren@ebc.uu.se> https://medicine.tamu.edu/omsre/msr.html Randolph Nesse nesse@umich.edu. https://RandolphNesse.com
iewing the body as a machine helped biology escape from vitalism, but it is now a zombie metaphor that conceals important differences between designed and evolved systems. Machines are designed by engineers to serve specific aims. Bodies are products of natural selection that mindlessly shapes organisms to the single aim of maximizing gene transmission. Machines have distinct parts with specific functions connected by simple pathways. Bodies have parts with multiple intertwined functions. Machin
nesse@umich.edu
Randolph Nesse
Faculty
Body as machine metaphor, tacit creationism, disease vulnerability
Symposium 3
Tacit creationism and the limits of the machine metaphor
8/17/2023
10:30am
The body is not a machine: What can replace the misleading metaphor?
Huntington room
Talk
0:15
J. Arvid Ågren
J. Arvid Ågren, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland; Randolph M. Nesse, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
Much progress has been made in biology and medicine by treating parts of organism like parts of machines and asking what their functions are. But the metaphor also fosters a tacit creationism that conceals important differences between designed and evolved systems. Machines have an ideal type defined by blueprints that describe discrete parts with specific functions that interact in simple ways to advance a purpose envisioned by engineers. Bodies, in contrast, are products of varying genes that
agrenj@ccf.org
Randolph Nesse
Faculty
Genetic conflicts; paradox of the organism
Please delete any videotape made of my presentation
Symposium 3
Coping with chemical fluctuations – ancient, fundamental, and possibly lost
8/17/2023
10:45am
Novel Perspectives on Cancer: Ecology, Evolution, and the Environment
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Emma Hammarlund
Emma U. Hammarlund1*, Anuraag Bukkuri1,2, Magnus Norling3, Nicole R. Posth4, Christopher Carroll1, Etienne Baratchart1, Sarah R. Amend5, Robert A. Gatenby2, Kenneth J. Pienta5, Joel S. Brown2, Shanan Peters6, Kasper Hancke7 Emma U. Hammarlund, Tissue Development and Evolution (TiDE) Group, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Anuraag Bukkuri, Robert A. Gatenby, and Joel S. Brown, Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa,
Human tissue homeostasis represents a phenomenally intricate mesh of biochemical interactions. These interactions were tested out and selected for over life’s history on Earth. At one transition in this history, small simple animals diversified where tissues of bulkier animals were no longer as exposed to the external environment. What triggered this transition remains largely unknown, and what it meant for how vertebrate cells today tackle chemical environmental fluctuations during tissue homeo
emma.hammarlund@med.lu.se
Anurag Bukkuri
Faculty
evolution, animals, cancer, fluctuations, HIF-a
Please delete any videotape made of my presentation
Symposium 2
Replacing the Machine Metaphor in Medicine: The Contingent Adaptive Model
8/17/2023
10:45am
The body is not a machine: What can replace the misleading metaphor?
Huntington room
Talk
0:15
Matthew David
Matthew David Texas A&M University School of Medicine Medical Scholar Research Pathway Program
The conceptualization of the body as a machine with interacting physical mechanisms, operating under the same natural forces as non-biological systems, may be credited with recent advances in medicine. However, rather than reversal of disease mechanisms uncovered by this machine metaphor, life expectancy gains have primarily resulted from reduced early infectious disease mortality, and enhanced food availability. Medicine has not significantly extended human lifespan, nor stemmed the rising tide
mattdavid@tamu.edu
Randolph Nesse
Graduate/medical student
biological contingency, evolutionary medicine, machine metaphor
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Symposium 3
Estimating excess cancer risk: an evolutionary approach.
8/17/2023
11:00am
Novel Perspectives on Cancer: Ecology, Evolution, and the Environment
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Leonard Nunney
Leonard Nunney, University of California, Riverside
The evolutionary model of multistage carcinogenesis was used to detect cancers that would have resulted in an unusually high fitness loss if the current incidence patterns were typical of pre-historic human populations. A high fitness loss is inconsistent with the selection-drift equilibrium expected given an evolutionary model of cancer suppression and suggests that some changed environmental factor has resulted in a modern increase in risk. In some cases, factors responsible have been suggeste
nunney@ucr.edu
Anuraag Bukkuri
Faculty
cancer, evolution,
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Symposium 2
The organic complexity of fitness mesas creates robustness, fragility and disease heritability
8/17/2023
11:00am
The body is not a machine: What can replace the misleading metaphor?
Huntington room
Talk
0:15
Fred Nijhout
H. Frederik Nijhout, Duke University, Durham NC; Randolph M. Nesse, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ.
Explaining the persistence of alleles that increase the risk of polygenic diseases remains challenging. Mutation-selection balance, genetic drift, balancing selection, migration, and mismatch all can contribute, but vulnerability to most diseases cannot be attributed to a specific unfavorable combination of alleles. Instead, disease heritability can result from alleles with pleiotropic effects whose epistatic interactions shift the location of phenotypes on fitness landscapes. A mathematical mod
hfn@duke.edu
Randolph Nesse
Faculty
Evolution, fitness landscapes, genotype-phenotype mapping
Please delete any videotape made of my presentation
Symposium 3
Vulnerabilities in designed and evolved systems have different origins
8/17/2023
11:15am
The body is not a machine: What can replace the misleading metaphor?
Huntington room
Talk
0:15
Randolph Nesse
Randolph M. Nesse, The University of Michigan and Arizona State University
An evolutionary explanation of a disease describes the origins and persistence of traits that make all individuals in a species vulnerable. Applying the categories useful for explaining disease vulnerability to designed systems reveals major limitations of the metaphor of bodies as machines. Design flaws in a species result from I path dependence and genetic drift, but design flaws in machines are from engineering errors that can be corrected by starting fresh. Deleterious individual differences
nesse@umich.edu
Randolph Nesse
Faculty
Metaphor of body as machine, tacit creationism, explaining vulnerability
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Symposium 3
An eco-evolutionary model of cancer initiation and evolution
8/17/2023
11:15am
Novel Perspectives on Cancer: Ecology, Evolution, and the Environment
Auditorium
Talk
0:00
Frederik R Adler
Recent detailed study of cells in adults shows that few if any cells are actually "normal." Instead, any renewing tissue is made up of lineages with increasing numbers of aberrant traits, many of which are associated with excess growth. Nonetheless, most incipient growths, whether in the primary tissue or at sites of metastasis, are contained by a wide range of controls both within the cell and in its microenvironment. I will present a modeling framework to address the continual emergenc
Anuraag Bukkurki
cancer; evolution
Symposium 2
Tumourpalaeopathology: How Can We Identify Breast Cancer Types using Bioarchaeology?
8/17/2023
11:30am
Cancer evolution
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Gillian Bentley
Gillian R Bentley, Durham University, Durham, UK
Tumor identification in skeletons is often restricted to lesions indicating secondary bone cancer. Here, I discuss how bioarchaeological contexts could improve identification of breast cancer (BC) type. Previous scholars have suggested that, in the past, BC was mostly receptor negative (R-), representing base line, stochastic levels of BC occurring among reproductively aged women. Rising rates of BC in industrialised nations reflect receptor positive (R+) cases among post-menopausal women relati
g.r.bentley@durham.ac.uk
Anuraag Bukkurki
Faculty
palaeopathology, breast cancer, tumor identification
Please delete any videotape made of my presentation
8
Professional Skills Development: Navigating Graduate School from Application to Employment
8/17/2023
11:30am
Professional Skills Development: Navigating Graduate School from Application to Employment
Huntington room
Workshop
1:00
MICHAEL MUEHLENBEIN
Michael Muehlenbein, michael_muehlenbein@baylor.edu
Navigating graduate school is challenging. Understanding processes and expectations, piloting through unwritten curricula, and coping with imposter syndrome and work-life imbalance are arduous and frustrating. This workshop, intended for current graduate students as well as undergraduates considering graduate school, aims to help demystify some otherwise complicated but often underemphasized aspects of graduate education. Panelists will provide short presentations and lead discussions about d
michael_muehlenbein@baylor.edu
Michael Muehlenbein
Graduate education, professional skills development
Workshop 6
Models of Resistance in State-Structured Neuroblastoma Populations
8/17/2023
11:45am
Cancer evolution
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Anuraag Bukkuri
Anuraag Bukkuri, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa
Neuroblastoma is a pediatric brain cancer of variable clinical presentation. The causes behind the initiation, progression, and ultimate resistance of this cancer is unknown, though it is recognized that two cellular phenotypes underpin its deadliness: adrenergic (ADRN) and mesenchymal (MES). How these pheno- types influence the eco-evolutionary dynamics of neuroblastoma cell popula- tions (especially under therapy) remains a mystery. This is due to the confu- sion surrounding whether the ADRN a
anuraag.bukkuri@moffitt.org
Anuraag Bukkurki
Graduate/medical student
Eco-evolutionary dynamics, cancer evolution, therapeutic resistance, game theory, structured populations
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
8
THURSDAY LUNCH AND BUSINESS MEETING
8/17/2023
12:30pm
Business meeting lunch
Auditorium
Other
1:00
Business meeting lunch
Applying the Synergies of Evolutionary and Engineering Systems Approaches for Failure Analyses in Health and Medicine
8/17/2023
1:30pm
Applying the Synergies of Evolutionary and Engineering Systems Approaches for Failure Analyses in Health and Medicine
Auditorium
Panel discussion
1:00
Guru Madhavan
Guru Madhavan, National Academy of Engineering; Jay Labov, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Randolph Nesse, Arizona State University and University of Michigan; Bernard Crespi, Simon Fraser University; Barbara Natterson-Horowitz, UCLA and Harvard; Steve Frank, University of California, Irvine
Failure is a topic of major importance for both biological and technological systems. There is a long history of engineers taking inspiration from biological systems and biologists taking inspiration from engineered systems. Engineers, for instance, have developed buildings, cars, trains, new materials, and software inspired by the selection techniques learned from evolutionary approaches. Similarly, the current understanding of how cancer develops is based on models grounded in mathematical ana
gmadhavan@nae.edu
Guru Madhavan
Systems engineering, failure analysis, case studies, evolutionary medicine, health, fault tolerance, safety
Panel discussion 1
What Needs to Change in Education to Foster Convergence of Evolutionary Medicine and Engineering?
8/17/2023
2:30pm
What Needs to Change in Education to Foster Convergence of Evolutionary Medicine and Engineering?
Huntington room
Panel discussion
1:00
Jay Labov
Jay Labov, National Academy of Engineering; Guru Madhaven, National Academy of Engineering; Randolph Nesse, University of Michigan and Arizona State University
Explaining system failures is a major focus in engineering. Understanding vulnerability to disease is the focus for parallel efforts in medicine and public health. Methods from engineering have potential applications in medicine, and evolutionary explanations for vulnerability to disease may prove useful in engineering. In a forum held last December at the National Academy of Engineering, the following questions were explored: 1. How are failure modes in engineered and evolved systems similar an
jblabov@gmail.com
Jay Labov
Engineering, evolutionary medicine, systems, failure
Roundtable 3
Global variation in the human milk microbiome by geography and maternal nutrition across low, middle, and high-income settings
8/17/2023
2:30pm
Childcare
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Melissa Manus
Melissa B. Manus, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Kelsey Fehr, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Mark DeBoer, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA; Joann McDermid, Consultant, Charlottesville, USA; Patrick Kolsteren, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Trenton Dailey-Chwalibóg, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laeticia Toe, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium & Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso; Yasir Shafiq, Aga Khan University, Ka
An ecological and evolutionary perspective highlights human milk (HM) as a complex matrix that connects maternal physiology, early life environments, and infant health. While the benefits of HM feeding for infant growth are well documented across populations, the biological pathways underlying different health phenotypes among HM-fed infants are poorly understood. Since HM composition reflects maternal physiology and influences the development of the infant microbiome and immune system, variatio
mmanus09@gmail.com
Alejandra Núñez- de la Mora
Fellow/postdoc
Microbiome; Human milk; Global health; Infant health
Please delete any videotape made of my presentation
9
Maternal grandmothers maintain investment in grandchildren who have experienced early adversity
8/17/2023
2:45pm
Childcare
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
David Coall
David A. Coall, Edith Cowan University, Australia; Samuli Helle, University of Turku, Finland; Antti O. Tanskanen, University of Turku and Population Research Institute, Finland; Mirkka Danielsbacka, University of Turku and Population Research Institute, Finland
The early environment has established long-term consequences for an individual’s reproduction and health. There is growing evidence that reproductive schedules can be modified by early life experiences. In addition, this early period of life is when grandparents have the biggest influence on grandchild development. Therefore, a grandparents’ inclusive fitness returns on investment may be dependent on a grandchild’s experiences of early adversity. To investigate whether grandchildren’s adverse ea
d.coall@ecu.edu.au
Alejandra Núñez- de la Mora
Faculty
early stress, grandparent, grandchildren, buffering, grandparental investment, nationally representative
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
9
Why do Grandparents Care?
8/17/2023
3:00pm
Childcare
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Rebecca Bullingham
Rebecca Bullingham, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia; Shantha P. Karthigesu, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia; David A. Coall, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia.
There is a consensus that grandparents providing grandchild care experience health benefits, however, some recent studies show inconsistent findings. Variations in frequency and intensity of grandchild care may explain these inconsistencies. Another, currently unexplored explanation, is that grandparents have different motivations (e.g., autonomy versus obligation) and these motivations may moderate the association between grandparenting and health. Employing a mixed methods design, focus groups
r.bullingham@ecu.edu.au
Alejandra Núñez- de la Mora
Graduate/medical student
Grandchild care, motivation, negotiation, health, wellbeing
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
9
THURSDAY AFTERNOON COFFEE BREAK
8/17/2023
3:30pm
Coffee break 7
Atrium
Other
0:30
Coffee
Mind how you sweat! How enhancer divergence led to the accelerated evolution of the naked and sweaty ape.
8/17/2023
4:00pm
Keynote
Auditorium
Plenary talk
1:00
Yana Kamberov
Yana Kamberov
Humans are unique among mammals in using sweating as the primary mechanism to dump body heat. Humans’ ability to effectively harness sweating as a thermoregulatory mechanism is a product of the evolution of a dramatically increased sweat gland density and a drastic reduction in the size of body hairs relative to other primates. Accordingly, humans have the distinction of being the “the naked, sweaty ape”. I will present the advances our lab has made in identifying the genetic drivers of these un
Cynthia Beall
Faculty
Keynote 4
Closing remarks
8/17/2023
5:00pm
Closing remarks
Auditorium
Other
0:15
Closing remarks
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