ISEMPH 2023 all events grid view
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Title
Full Name
Day/Time
Session name
Location
Format
Duration
Authors
Abstract
Email
Chair/Introducer
Background
Keywords
Permission to videotape
Session number
Activities on UCI campus
8/14/2023
1:00pm
Activities UCI campus
Other location
Other
3:15
Jay Labov
Activities UCI campus
Education Committee Meeting
Jay Labov
8/14/2023
1:00pm
Meeting
Board room
Other
1:00
Jay Labov
Publications committee meeting
Randolph Nesse
8/14/2023
2:00pm
Meeting
Board room
Other
1:00
Nesse
MONDAY AFTERNOON COFFEE BREAK
8/14/2023
3:00pm
Coffee break 1
Atrium
Other
0:30
Coffee
Executive Committee Meeting
8/14/2023
3:30pm
Meeting
Board room
Other
1:30
Meeting
Welcome reception and EMPH 10th Anniversary Celebration
8/14/2023
5:00pm
Welcome reception
Atrium
Other
1:30
Welcome reception
TUESDAY BREAKFAST
8/15/2023
7:30am
Tuesday Breakfast
Atrium
Other
1:00
Opening remarks
Rühli, Labov, Nuñez De La Mora, Fox
8/15/2023
8:45am
Opening remarks
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Frank Rühli
Opening remarks
Embedded racism: A critical yet neglected health determinant in Evolutionary Medicine
Joseph L. Graves, Jr.
8/15/2023
9:00am
Keynote
Auditorium
Plenary talk
1:00
Joseph L. Graves, Jr.
Racial health disparities are a pervasive feature of modern experience and structural racism is increasingly recognized as a public health crisis. Yet evolutionary medicine has not adequately addressed the racialization of health and disease, particularly the systematic embedding of social biases in biological processes leading to disparate health outcomes delineated by socially defined race. In contrast to the sheer dominance of medical publications which still assume genetic ‘race’ and omit me
Michael Muehlenbein
Faculty
Keynote 1
TUESDAY MORNING COFFEE BREAK
8/15/2023
10:00am
Coffee break 2
Atrium
Other
0:30
Coffee
The sex-dependent impact of violence during pregnancy on offspring neurodevelopment: a birth cohort study.
Lukas Blumrich
8/15/2023
10:30am
Stress
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Lukas Blumrich, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Marco Antônio Barbieri Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto; Vanda Maria Ferreira Simões, Department of Public Health, University of Maranhão, São Luís; Antonio Augusto Moura da Silva, Department of Public Health, University of Maranhão, São Luís; Heloisa Bettiol, Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University
Background: Stress during pregnancy can have lasting impacts on the developing fetus. The resultant developmental pathways may not only originate from disruption but also configure adaptation strategies. As a result, sexual dimorphism plays an important role. Violence during pregnancy (VDP) is a well-established stressor, but its effects on offspring are not clear. We hypothesized that VDP may have a sex-specific impact on offspring’s neuropschomotor development. Methods: With data from two Braz
lukas.blumrich@fm.usp.br
Mark Flinn
Graduate/medical student
stress; pregnancy; reproduction; violence; intimate partner violence;
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
1
Developing phage therapy through the lens of evolutionary medicine
Paul Turner
8/15/2023
10:30am
Antibiotic resistance
Huntington room
Talk
0:15
Paul Turner, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven
Bacteriophage therapy, which uses lytic viruses as antimicrobials, has received renewed interest to address the emerging antimicrobial resistance (AMR) crisis. Cystic fibrosis (CF), a disease complicated by recurrent Pseudomonas aeruginosa pulmonary infections that cause lung function decline, exemplifies how AMR is already a clinical problem. We developed a treatment strategy to use bacteriophages that target bacterial cell surface receptors which contribute to antibiotic resistance or virulenc
paul.turner@yale.edu
Paul Turner
Faculty
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
2
Association between prenatal exposure to domestic violence and earlier age at menarche in offspring.
Anna Carolina Berkenbrock Mendes
8/15/2023
10:45am
Stress
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Anna Carolina Berkenbrock Mendes, University of São Paulo, Brazil; Karolina Silva Ferreira, University of São Paulo, Brazil; Maria Teresa Bechere Fernandes, University of São Paulo, Brazil; Thais Moura Ribeiro do Valle Nascimento, University of São Paulo, Brazil; Alexandre Archanjo Ferraro, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is an extremely prevalent problem worldwide, and can stand as an even greater issue when committed during pregnancy. Despite having ample data about the short-term consequences of IPV to both mother and child, literature still lacks evidence of long-term effects to the offspring. Unfavorable prenatal environments can influence the development of different non-communicable diseases. Therefore, this research aimed at finding if IPV during pregnancy (stressful prenat
anna.cbmendes@fm.usp.br
Mark Flinn
Graduate/medical student
prenatal exposure; stress; menarche; violence
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
1
Novel Multidrug Resistance Region in an Environmental Escherichia coli Evolved from Multiple Transposable Elements
Isabel Suarez
8/15/2023
10:45am
Antibiotic Resistance
Huntington room
Talk
0:15
Isabel Suarez, University of California, Irvine; Andrei Tatarenkov, University of California, Irvine; Marlene de la Cruz University of California, Irvine; Luis Mota-Bravo, University of California, Irvine.
Antibiotic resistance in bacteria is a rising global health crisis, killing at least one million people per year worldwide. The extensive use of antibiotics in the clinic, veterinary medicine and agriculture has resulted in the evolution of multidrug resistant bacteria. Here, we hypothesize that environmental Escherichia coli are a large reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) that have been mobilized by transposon and insertion sequences (ISs) in conjugative plasmids of different incom
suarezia@uci.edu
Paul Turner
Undergraduate
Antibiotic resistance, Escherichia coli, environment, evolution, horizonal gene transfer
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
2
Association of pica with cortisol and inflammation among Latina pregnant women
Dayoon Kwon
8/15/2023
11:00am
Stress
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Dayoon Kwon, UCLA Department of Epidemiology; Delaney A. Knorr, UCLA Department of Anthropology; Kyle S. Wiley, UCLA Department of Anthropology and UCLA Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences; Lyra Johnson, Northwestern University Department of Anthropology; Sera L. Young, Northwestern University Department of Anthropology; Molly M. Fox, UCLA Department of Anthropology and UCLA Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences.
Pica, the urge to consume items generally not considered food, such as dirt, raw starch, and ice, are particularly common among pregnant women. However, the biological causes and consequences of pica in pregnancy are not well understood. Therefore, this study aimed to assess how pica relates to endocrine stress and immune biomarkers in a cohort of pregnant Latina women in Southern California. Thirty-four women completed a structured pica questionnaire. Maternal urinary cortisol and plasma cytoki
dayoonk@ucla.edu
Mark Flinn
Graduate/medical student
Pica, stress, immune, pregnancy, cravings
Please delete any videotape made of my presentation
1
Utter unpredictability of the fitness effects of resistance mutations across environments in Escherichia coli
Alex Wong
8/15/2023
11:00am
Antibiotic resistance
Huntington room
Talk
0:15
Alex Wong, Texas A&M, USA André Amado, Universität Bern, Switzerland Rees Kassen, University of Ottawa, Canada Claudia Bank, Universität Bern, Switzerland Aaron Hinz, University of Ottawa, Canada
The evolution of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacteria is a major public health concern. When resistance is highly prevalent in a pathogen population, antibiotic restriction protocols are often implemented to reduce their spread. These measures rely on fitness costs imposed by AMR, which in principle result in resistant strains being outcompeted by susceptible strains during the period of restriction. However, the magnitude of fitness deficits caused by resistance mutations can vary dependi
alex.wong@ag.tamu.edu
Paul Turner
Faculty
Antimicrobial resistance, genotype x environment interactions, predictability
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
2
Evolutionary logic for use of cortisol as a biomarker
Mark Flinn
8/15/2023
11:15am
Stress
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Mark Flinn, Baylor University, Waco; Blair Coe Schweiger, Baylor University, Waco; Anna Samsonov, Baylor University, Waco; Zahabia Kanchwala, Baylor University, Waco; Meena Meiyyappan, Baylor University, Waco; Samuel Urlacher, Baylor University, Waco
Use of cortisol as a biomarker in the medical, social, and behavioral sciences increased exponentially since development of ligand assay techniques in the 1980s (PubMed 1980 n=3; 2022 n=536). Here we present results from a scoping review of >5,000 research and clinical studies that use cortisol assayed from minimally invasive samples. Most of these studies are underpinned on the premise that cortisol is an objective measure of “stress.” We identify three key issues: (1) understanding of the
mark_flinn@baylor.edu
Mark Flinn
Faculty
Cortisol, evolutionary design, methodology, biomarker
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
1
How women’s immunoregulatory phenotypes during pregnancy relate to their own childhood history of microbial exposure
Molly Fox
8/15/2023
11:30am
Women's reproductive biology
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Molly M. Fox, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA Adiba Hassan, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA Kyle S. Wiley, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA Dayoon Kwon, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA Delaney A. Knorr, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
Previous studies found that children with siblings, farm residence, and other signs of greater microbial contacts had lower rates of hyper-responsive inflammatory pathologies. Pregnancy relies on intrinsic immunosuppressive function, yet it remains elusive how immunoregulation in pregnant women relates to their early-life microbial exposures. We examine whether childhood microbial exposures prime women’s pregnancy-related immunoregulatory capacity. Among N=55 pregnant women, we administered retr
mollyfox@ucla.edu
Molly Fox
Faculty
hygiene hypothesis, old friends hypothesis, pregnancy, immune function, women's reproductive health
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
3
Evolutionary Medicine Goes to Space: How an Understanding of Tensegrity in Health and Disease Provides Insights into the Effects of Gravitational Changes
Elizabeth Uhl
8/15/2023
11:30am
Evolutionary Medicine Goes to Space: How an Understanding of Tensegrity in Health and Disease Provides Insights into the Effects of Gravitational Changes
Huntington room
Workshop
1:00
Nicole Bender, MD, PhD nicole.bender@iem.uzh.ch Alexandra Fahrner, PhD alexandra.fahrner@uzh.ch www.iem.uzh.ch
Through case-based discussions this workshop uses an evolutionary perspective to investigate the interplay between gravity and the tension-based (tensegrity) architecture of life to understand the health effects of space travel. Specifically, we discuss the impacts of space travel on musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and neurological systems. Comparing these impacts with the tensegrity disruptions that characterize specific diseases allows insights into the effects of exposure to different gravita
euhl@uga.edu
Nicole Bender & Alexandra Fahrner
Tensegrity, Mechanotransduction, Gravitational physiology, Space medicine
Workshop 1
Hormonal Contraceptive Use and Women’s Inflammatory Response to Psychosocial Stress
Summer Mengelkoch
8/15/2023
11:45am
Women's reproductive biology
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Summer Mengelkoch, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles; Sarah E. Hill, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth; George Slavich, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles
Women have been historically excluded from stress research; however, some past work finds women using hormonal contraceptives (HCs) exhibit a blunted cortisol response to stress, which may accompany an exaggerated inflammatory response to stress, although this has yet to be investigated in vivo. In the current research, participants included naturally cycling (NC) women (n = 67) and women using oral HCs (n = 60), who were all exposed to the stress condition of the Trier Social Stress Task. Befor
smengelkoch@mednet.ucla.edu
Molly Fox
Fellow/postdoc
Stress, Inflammation, Women's Health, Hormonal Contraceptives, Depression
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
3
Prenatal Psychological Distress and a Novel Biomarker of Placental Invasiveness
Delaney Knorr
8/15/2023
12:00pm
Women's reproductive biology
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Delaney Knorr, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; Yazhen Zhu, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; Hsian-Rong Tseng, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; Molly Fox, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA.
We can apply evolutionary theory, such as maternal-fetal conflict in pregnancy, to better understand the risk factors and mechanisms of obstetric complications and adverse birth outcomes. Here, we test the prediction that maternal distress will exacerbate the divergence of maternal and fetal adaptive strategies through the attenuation of placental invasion. We employ a novel method to track placental changes across pregnancy in a cohort of 42 pregnant Latina women. We measure maternal anxiety an
d.knorr@ucla.edu
Molly Fox
Graduate/medical student
Maternal-fetal conflict; placental invasion; maternal prenatal psychological distress; pregnancy
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
3
Sperm cells attacking implantation-stage blastocysts: quality check, birth control or microchimerism?
Jayasree Sengupta
8/15/2023
12:15pm
Women's reproductive biology
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Jayasree Sengupta*, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Thomas Kroneis*, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Amy M. Boddy, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA; Rahul Roy, Indian Statistical Institute, New Delhi, India; Anish Sarkar, Indian Statistical Institute, New Delhi, India; Deepayan Sarkar, Indian Statistical Institute, New Delhi, India; Debabrata Ghosh**, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Berthold Huppertz**, Medical Universi
The mammalian embryo at blastocyst stage derives from fusion of an oocyte with a single sperm, followed by differentiation to result in an implantation-ready blastocyst consisting of cells of the inner cell mass and the trophectoderm. To initiate implantation, the blastocyst hatches from its protective zona pellucida and presents itself without a covering of extracellular matrix to the maternal uterine environment. This results in a period of a few hours between hatching and nidation where the b
thomas.kroneis@medunigraz.at
Molly Fox
Faculty
azonal blastocyst, mid-luteal phase, sperm competition, trophectoderm, ultrastructure, microchimerism
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
3
TUESDAY LUNCH
8/15/2023
12:30pm
Lunch 1
Atrium
Other
1:00
Lunch
The joint contributions of air pollution and neighborhood deprivation on mental health trajectories in adolescence
Kyle Wiley
8/15/2023
1:30pm
Air & Climate
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Kyle Wiley, University of California Los Angeles, CA, USA; Carlye Chaney, Yale University, CT, USA
Urban environments are unique relative to those in which hominins evolved and pose challenges to human health and well-being. Air pollution and neighborhood deprivation are features of urban environments that often occur in parallel and are associated with adverse adolescent mental health outcomes. However, these associations have largely been explored using cross-sectional analyses. We investigated whether air pollution and neighborhood deprivation were jointly associated with longitudinal traj
kyleswiley@ucla.edu
Charlie Nunn
Fellow/postdoc
air pollution; neighborhood deprivation; mental health; urban health
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
4
Niveau Diagnosis in Evolutionary Medicine
Noel Boaz
8/15/2023
1:30pm
Niveau Diagnosis in Evolutionary Medicine
Huntington room
Workshop
1:00
Noel Boaz, ntboaz@earthlink.net Nicole Bender, nicole.bender@iem.uzh.ch, https://www.iem.uzh.ch/en/people/clinicalevol/Nicole-Bender.html Elizabeth Uhl, euhl@uga.edu, https://vet.uga.edu/person/elizabeth_uhl/ Robert L. Chevalier, RLC2M@virginia.edu https://med.virginia.edu/chrc/key-investigators/robert-l-chevalier-m-d/
The goals of the workshop are 1) to engage evolutionary biologists more fully in contributing to improve medical diagnoses, and 2) to involve clinicians in their role as diagnosticians to work with basic scientists and educators in evolutionary medicine “to incorporate evolutionary insights to improve medical research and practice.” “Niveau diagnosis” is an old term meaning “localization of an exact level of a lesion” that will be revised to operationalize diagnoses addressing “Tinbergen’s four
noeltboaz@integrativemedsci.org
Noel Boaz, Nicole Bender & Elizabeth Uhl
Evolutionary Medicine, Niveau Diagnosis, Evo-Devo, Ultimate Etiology, Pathology
Workshop 2
Evolution-Guided Biomedical Innovation: Leveraging Evolved Adaptations to Ambient Volcanic Particulate Matter in Other Species for Human Health
Emmily Schwitzer
8/15/2023
1:45pm
Air & Climate
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Emily Schwitzer, MD. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care at UCLA Barbara Natterson-Horowitz, MD. Division of Cardiology at UCLA. Department of Human Evolutionary Biology at Harvard.
ABSTRACT: Among the most devastating consequences of accelerated anthropogenic environmental change are the adverse effects of particulate air pollution now linked to nearly 7 million human deaths/year.1 A growing body of evidence supports a direct connection between rising levels of air pollution and a range of cardiopulmonary, developmental, reproductive, neurological and other pathologies.1-3 Countering these effects is a research priority: the evolved adaptations of other species may provid
eschwitzer@mednet.ucla.edu
Charlie Nunn
Clinician/health professional
Air pollution; comparitive; lung disease; volcanic ash; environmental exposure
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
4
Climate Change and Health: Where is Evolutionary Medicine?
Charles Nunn
8/15/2023
2:00pm
Air & Climate
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Charles Nunn, Duke University, Durham NC USA; Georgia Titcomb, Colorado State University, Fort Collins CO USA; John Uelmen, Duke University, Durham NC USA
Human-driven climate change poses an existential threat to human populations, with effects that include rising oceans, increased extreme weather events, loss of ecosystem services, and disruptions to agricultural and economic systems. Climate change also has well-established effects on multiple dimensions of human health. Although largely missing from investigations of climate change and health (CCH), evolutionary medicine is essential for understanding many dimensions of CCH, including evolut
clnunn@duke.edu
Charlie Nunn
Faculty
climate change, infectious disease, anthropogenic effects, evolutionary mismatch, global health
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
4
Childhood activity patterns in the BaYaka hunter-gatherers.
Luke Kretschmer
8/15/2023
2:30pm
Non-western population health
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Luke Kretschmer, University College London; Mark Dyble, University College London; David Bann, University College London; Gül Deniz Salali, University College London
Physical activity in childhood is important for healthy development, yet most children fail to meet health guidelines. Given the high levels of activity observed in adult hunter-gatherers, an understanding of how active children are, as they transition from playful children into adult foragers may help highlight shortcomings in post-industrial populations. Working with 35 BaYaka children (Boys: 19; Ages: 5-17 years) from Congo-Brazzaville, we quantified physical activity using wrist worn triaxia
ucsaldw@ucl.ac.uk
Alejandra Núñez- de la Mora
Graduate/medical student
Physical Activity, Hunter-Gatherer, Childhood, Energetics
Please delete any videotape made of my presentation
5
Teaching clinicians to employ insights from evolution to maintain compassion and reduce burnout: A demonstration workshop and discussion
Andrew Shaner
8/15/2023
2:30pm
Teaching clinicians to employ insights from evolution to maintain compassion and reduce burnout: A demonstration workshop and discussion
Huntington room
Workshop
1:00
Andrew Shaner, University of California, Los Angeles andrew.shaner@va.gov Sae Takada, University of California, Los Angeles STakada@mednet.ucla.edu Rachel Dajani, University of California, Los Angeles Rachel.Dajani@va.gov https://www.uclahealth.org/departments/medicine/internal-medicine/im-residency/equity-diversity-inclusion/faculty-spotlights Yue Ming Huang, University of California, Los Angeles yhuang@mednet.ucla.edu) https://www.sim.ucla.edu/our_team Daniel M T Fessler, University of Ca
At a clinic specializing in treating Veterans experiencing homelessness, we leverage evolutionary perspectives on social-relational cognition and affect to teach clinicians how to remain compassionate with patients who are angry, threatening, poorly adherent, or suffering severe mental or substance use disorders. We explain that treating everyone equally well is evolutionarily novel and runs counter to mental mechanisms evolved to protect against exploitation, assault, and infection. We show ho
andrew.shaner@va.gov
Andrew Shaner
Compassion Fatigue, Medical Education, Evolutionary Mismatch, Emotions, Cooperation, Evolutionary Psychology
Workshop 3
Testosterone is positively associated with coronary artery calcium in a low cardiovascular disease risk population
Benjamin Trumble
8/15/2023
2:45pm
Non-western population health
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Benjamin C. Trumble PhD, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ, USA; Jacob Negrey PhD, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ, USA; Stephanie V. Koebele PhD, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ, USA; Randall C. Thompson MD, Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO, USA; L. Samuel Wann MD, Ascension Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Adel H. Allam MD, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Bret Beheim PhD, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany; M. Linda Sutherland
In sedentary industrialized populations, men exhibit high testosterone in young adulthood compared to subsistence populations, and testosterone declines with age and adiposity. In late adulthood, low testosterone is associated with cardiovascular mortality. However, coronary risk factors like obesity impact both testosterone and cardiovascular outcomes. Here we assess the role of endogenous testosterone on coronary artery calcium in a subsistence population with relatively low testosterone level
ben.trumble@gmail.com
Alejandra Núñez-de la Mora
Faculty
cardiovascular disease, testosterone, obesity
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
5
Imputation Efficacy Across Diverse Global Human Populations
Charleston Chiang
8/15/2023
3:00pm
Non-western population health
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Jordan L. Cahoon, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Xinyue Rui, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Echo Tang, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Christopher Simons, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Jalen Langie, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Minhui Chen, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Ying-Chu Lo, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Charleston W. K. Chiang, University
Genotype imputation, now fundamental for genome-wide association studies, also contributes to the growing disparity in genetic studies due to the lack of diversity in imputation reference panels. Despite the increased number of admixed samples in state-of-the-art references, imputation for populations primarily residing outside of North America are expected to fall short in performance due to persisting underrepresentation. To illustrate this point, we curated data from 23 publications published
charleston.chiang@med.usc.edu
Alejandra Núñez-de la Mora
Faculty
diverse populations, genotype imputation, genetic epidemiology
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
5
Pleiotropy complicates identifying adaptive phenotypes
Cynthia Beall
8/15/2023
3:15pm
Non-western population health
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Sienna Craig, Dartmouth College, Hanover; Anna Di Rienzo, University of Chicago, Chicago; David Witonsky, University of Chicago, Chicago; James J Yu, University of California at San Diego, San Diego; Esteban Moya, University of California at San Diego, San Diego; Tatum Simonson, University of California at San Diego, San Diego; Frank Powell, University of California at San Diego, San Diego; Buddha Basnyat, Oxford Tropical Research Unit – Kathmandu, Kathmandu; Samar Farha, Cleveland Clinic, Cle
Two genes in the oxygen homeostasis pathway show strong signals of positive natural selection among Tibetan populations exposed to chronic hypoxia. EGLN1 encodes an oxygen sensor, and EPAS1 encodes a subunit of a transcription factor with hundreds of target genes. Here we test the hypothesis that these loci influence traits relevant to adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia. 417 ethnic Tibetan women, 46 – 86, residing at > 3500m in Nepal provided DNA and phenotypes. Candidate SNP analysis detect
cmb2@case.edu
Alejandra Núñez de la Mora
Faculty
high altitude, reproductive success, genetic adaptation, pleiotropy
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
5
TUESDAY AFTERNOON COFFEE BREAK
8/15/2023
3:30pm
Coffee break 3
Atrium
Other
0:30
Coffee
The evolution of spectrum in antibiotics and bacteriocins
Jacob Palmer
8/15/2023
4:00pm
Prize talk
Auditorium
Plenary talk
0:45
Jacob Palmer, University of Oxford
A key property of many antibiotics is that they will kill or inhibit a diverse range of microbial species. This broad-spectrum of activity has its evolutionary roots in ecological competition, whereby bacteria and other microbes use antibiotics to suppress other strains and species. However, many bacteria also use narrow-spectrum toxins, such as bacteriocins, that principally target conspecifics. Why has such a diversity in spectrum evolved? In this talk, I will discuss evolutionary models we de
jacob.palmer@biology.ox.ac.uk
Cynthia Beall
Faculty
Antibiotics, bacteriocins
Gilbert S Omenn Prize
Experimental Evolution to Study the Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance
Alfonso Santos-Lopez
8/15/2023
4:45pm
Prize talk
Auditorium
Plenary talk
0:45
Alfonso Santos-Lopez; Melissa J Fritz, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, PA; Jeffrey B Lombardo, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, PA; Ansen HP Burr, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, PA; Victoria A Heinrich, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, PA; Christopher W Marshall, Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University,
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the main challenges facing modern medicine. The emergence and rapid dissemination of resistant bacteria are decreasing the effectiveness of antibiotics in clinical use. The ability of a bacterial population to develop resistance to an antibiotic depends on various factors, including the availability of mutations that increase resistance, bacterial lifestyle, and the intensity of selection imposed by the compound, among others. Experimental evolution, combined w
alfonso.santos@csic.cnb.es
Cynthia Beall
Faculty
experimental evolution, antibiotic resistance
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
George C Williams Prize
An Association between Anhedonic State and Perceptions of Downward Intergenerational Social Mobility in a Large, Longitudinal Sample of U.S. Adults
Jeff Davis
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session and reception
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Jeff Davis
This study examines self-reports of anhedonic states in a sample of adults in the United States. The model developed and tested draws upon evolutionary perspectives on social stressors and their roles in the onset of mental disorders. The model proposes that perceptions of social defeat (downward intergenerational social mobility) and perceived loss of control and negative prediction errors in social relationships combine to create a susceptibility to anhedonia. Analysis of data from the Midlife
jeffrey.davis@csulb.edu
Faculty
Anhedonia, Downward Social Mobility, Social Defeat, Entrapment, Prediction Error
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
The host and beyond: responding to an infection affects everyone else
Patricia C. Lopes
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session and reception
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Patricia C. Lopes, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA
When invaded, the body triggers a series of reactions to neutralize and destroy the invader. This host response, while seemingly localized, can then have consequences that expand within and beyond the boundaries of the host’s body, with far-reaching ecosystem-level implications. In this talk, I will explore the different ways in which the host response affects other organisms that live within or around the infected host, and the implications of these effects for how we study disease responses.
lopes@chapman.edu
Faculty
"maternal immune activation"; microbiome; "sickness behaviors"; "behavioral avoidance"; "anticipatory effects"
Please delete any videotape made of my presentation
Poster
Constraints on evolution of the eukaryotic cell cycle explain progressive chronic kidney disease
Robert Chevalier
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session and reception
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Robert L. Chevalier, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a leading cause of mortality, increasing with aging, but mechanisms of progression remain poorly understood. Vulnerable to hypoxic injury, each kidney contains a fixed number of nephrons at birth, and 50% are normally lost through adult life. Growth of metazoans depends on cell proliferation by the eukaryotic cell cycle, whereby activity of each cell cycle complex is under tight control of only a few subunits that are highly conserved across eukaryotes from yeast
RLC2M@virginia.edu
Clinician/health professional
Antagonistic pleiotropy; Cell cycle; Cell senescence; Chronic kidney disease; Hypertrophy; Life history theory
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
IDENTIFICATION OF VIRULENCE AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANT GENES OF Salmonella spp IN COMMERCIAL POULTRY FARMS OF CHITWAN, NEPAL
Surya Prasad Dahal
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Author: Surya Prasad Dahal, Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Norway Corresponding Author: Himal Luitel, Center for Biotechnology, Agriculture and Forestry University, Nepal/ hluitel@afu.edu.np Co authors: Puskhar Bahadur Pal, Veterinary Pathology and Clinics, Agriculture and Forestry University, Nepal/ ppal@afu.edu.np Ishwari Kadariya, Center for Biotechnology, Agriculture and Forestry University, Nepal/ ipkadariya@afu.edu.np
Salmonellosis, an economically significant poultry disease, causing fowl typhoid and white bacillary diarrhoea in adult and young birds. The present study characterizes virulence, antibiotic-resistant genes. A total of 300 samples were collected from different poultry farms and institutions in Chitwan district during late 2018. Salmonella spp were isolated using biochemical and molecular techniques. The amplified fragments were used to detect the virulence, and antibiotic- resistant genes were
unitedsuraz@gmail.com
Fellow/postdoc
Salmonella, Virulence genes, Antimicrobial resistant genes, Poultry, Nepal
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
Incorporating allostasis into sexual selection: mate choice is pro-welfare by favoring the status of being free
Yu Xie
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Yu Xie (currently not affiliated)
Natural and sexual selection can diverge and contrast with each other in directions: decorative and conspicuous traits signaling sexual attractiveness in mate choice are usually maladaptive for survival. As a rationale for the emergence of excessive advertisements in mate choice, condition-dependency posits that the good condition of the mate is that which the expression of attractive traits is based on, given that they are costly to produce and maintain. However, the term condition has been poo
15117228@njau.edu.cn
Graduate/medical student
sexual selection, allostasis, allostatic load, evolutionary theory
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
How Did COVID-19 Shift Human Psychology and Behavior?
Noah Evers
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session and reception
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Noah F.G. Evers, Harvard University; Gabriel W. Evers, Crossroads School; Gabrielle Halim, University of California, Los Angeles; Felicity B. Gutierrez, University of California, Los Angeles; Qinyi Yuan, University of California, Los Angeles; and Patricia M. Greenfield, University of California, Los Angeles
How does a major mortality event affect a culture? The Theory of Social Change, Cultural Evolution, and Human Development predicts that danger, as indicated by rising death rates and narrowing social worlds, shifts human psychology and behavior toward that found in small-scale, collectivistic, and rural subsistence ecologies. In particular, mortality salience, collectivism, and engagement in subsistence activities increase as death rates rise and the social world contracts. Studies on the psycho
noahevers@college.harvard.edu
Undergraduate
Coronavirus pandemic; Theory of Social Change, Cultural Evolution, and Human Development; Evolutionary Psychology; Cultural Change; Mortality Salience; Collectivism
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
A Phylogenetic and Level of Evidence Analysis of Phenotypic Masculinization across Vertebrates
Noa Oranim
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Noa Oranim, Oakwood School, Los Angeles; Michael Habib, UCLA; Barbara Natterson-Horowitz, Harvard University
BACKGROUND: Physiologic masculinization is an important challenge in women’s health. It has been proposed that in some species masculinized phenotypes emerge to deter male sexual harassment. Understanding the selective pressures underlying female masculinization in other species can provide insight into masculinization syndromes in women. Yet, the phylogenetic patterns of masculinization are poorly understood and varying levels of evidence support the harassment hypothesis across species. MET
noa.oranim@gmail.com
Other
Masculinization, Selective Pressures, Phylogenetic
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
Sex Differences in Sports-Related Concussion: An Evolutionary Hypothesis Supported by Pathway Analysis
Zoey Marsh
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session and reception
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Zoey Marsh, Oakwood School, Los Angeles; Barbara Natterson-Horowitz, UCLA, Los Angeles
BACKGROUND: Sex differences in sports-related concussion (SRC) syndromes include motor processing speed, reaction time composite scores, and injury symptom onset time--all reduced in men, and impaired visual memory, visual-ocular function, and risk of cognitive impairment-- all increased in women. We propose a non-proximate hypothesis that pregnancy-related selective pressures shaped sex differences in CNS phenotypes and brain injury responses. HYPOTHESES: Gestational volume expansion in human
zoey.marsh@yahoo.com
Other
Sex Differences, Pathway Analysis, Concussion
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
Atrial Fibrillation in Endurance Athletes as an Evolutionary Mismatch: A Comparative Approach
Ryan Natterson
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session and reception
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Ryan Natterson, Crossroads School for Arts and Sciences, Santa Monica; Barbara Natterson-Horowitz, UCLA, Los Angeles
BACKGROUND Endurance athletes have an increased risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). A comparative parallel is found in standardbred horses for whom long-term training increases AF sustainability and AF is the leading cause of poor race performance. A comparative analysis exposes an evolutionary hypothesis for vulnerability to atrial fibrillation HYPOTHESIS Atrial fibrillation emerges as a mismatch between atrial physiology evolved to adaptively respond and tolerate levels of hemodynamic stretch
ry.n24@k12.xrds.org
Other
Atrial Fibrillation; Endurance Athletes; Mismatch
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
Leveraging Systems Biology & Bioinformatics Platforms to Identify Evolutionary Trade-Offs Underlying Atherogenesis and Atherosclerosis
Kaitlyn Smolens
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session and reception
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Kaitlyn Smolens, UCLA, Los Angeles; Barbara Natterson-Horowitz, UCLA, Los Angeles.
BACKGROUND: Vulnerability to atherosclerosis represents an evolutionary trade-off balancing the liability of acquiring the disease against the biological benefits conferred by components of vulnerability. Emerging bioinformatic platforms can help characterize specific biological pathways involved in trade-off physiology. Here we apply a novel systems biology/informatics-based method to identify trade-off physiology underlying vulnerability to atherosclerosis. METHODS: Using LifeMap Science’s in
kaitlynsmolens@g.ucla.edu
Undergraduate
Trade-Offs; Atherosclerosis; Systems Biology; Bioinformatics
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
Does Religion Provide Effective Practices for Infectious Disease Prevention?
Hanson Park
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session and reception
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Hanson Park, Dept. of Anthropology, Seoul National University, Seoul
Some claims suggest that religious practices may function as adaptive cultural norms for the prevention of infectious diseases. Various religious traditions involve specific practices and rituals that emphasize cleanliness and hygiene during significant life events, such as childbirth, illness, and death. Additionally, these religions often adopt unique customs or responses to address external threats, like the emergence of new infectious diseases, with the aim of protecting their communities. N
hansonpark@snu.ac.kr
Faculty
signaling theory, the theory of credibility-enhancing displays (CREDs), COVID-19, Religion
Please delete any videotape made of my presentation
Poster
Teaching evolutionary medicine and collaborative writing to undergraduates in 3.5 weeks
Rachel Jabaily
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session and reception
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Rachel Jabaily, Colorado College, Colorado Springs, Colorado Krista Fish, Colorado College, Colorado Springs, Colorado
We developed an Evolutionary Medicine course during the Covid era at Colorado College to serve undergraduate students in Organismal Biology and Ecology and Anthropology majors and those interested in pre-health pathways. We are trained as evolutionary biologists (botany & primatology), so developing this course was challenging but exciting. We will showcase our Evolutionary Medicine curriculum, which is taught on the 3.5-week block system of Colorado College. We will also highlight our collabora
rjabaily@coloradocollege.edu
Faculty
education, undergraduate, PUI, writing
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
Promoting diversity and equity in the sciences through evolution outreach in schools: topics from evolutionary medicine.
Mary Rorick
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session and reception
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Mary Rorick, EvoLive, Seattle, WA. Annie Rorick, CalTech, Pasadena, CA.
According to The National Center for Science Education, acceptance and understanding of evolution is severely lacking, with fewer than 50% of adults in the US aware that humans evolved from earlier species. Evolution is often seen as a threat to personal worldviews and it is poorly understood. For these reasons it is imperative that evolutionary biologists conduct outreach in schools. Our goal at EvoLive.org is to apply scientific teaching methods to design, implement and test effective strategi
mmrorick@gmail.com
Other
K-12 Education; Outreach; Correcting misconceptions; Teaching; Equity; Girls in Science
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
Social support and navigating health-care related behaviors during pregnancy and postpartum
Michelle Escasa-Dorne
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session and reception
Atrium
Poster
1:30
*Escasa-Dorne, Michelle; **Young, Sharon M.; *Franzen, Glenn; *Manglona, Kaylani; ***Carter, Emily; ***Luna, Karissa; & ***Cheng, Aaron *Department of Anthropology; University of Colorado Colorado Springs **School of Social Science and Global Studies; University of Southern Mississippi ***Department of Anthropology; University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Peripartum women face numerous decisions that can impact their own health, the health of the developing fetus/young infant, or both. Peripartum women must also navigate these decisions while confronted with information from medical professionals, family, the internet, or other sources of sometimes conflicting information. Previous data suggest that peripartum women, compared to other times of their life, are more likely to practice complementary, alternative, and/or integrative medicine (CAIM) e
mdorne@uccs.edu
Faculty
Reproductive health, social support, complementary/alternative medicine
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
Environmental Klebsiella pneumoniae Carries a Novel Multidrug Resistance Region that Evolved from the Mobilization of Transposons
Dana Mejia
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Dana Mejia, University of California, Irvine; Andrei Tatarenkov, University of California, Irvine; Marlene de la Cruz University of California, Irvine; Luis Mota-Bravo, University of California, Irvine.
Klebsiella pneumoniae resides in the human body and in the environment. Multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogenic K. pneumoniae is a major public health problem. Antibiotic resistance genes in bacteria are mobilized between DNA molecules (plasmids and chromosomes) by transposons. Our hypothesis is that environmental K. pneumoniae are reservoirs of plasmids with MDR regions that evolved from the mobilization of transposons. Our objectives are to sequence and analyze the plasmid of a MDR K. pneumoniae
mejiadl@uci.edu
Undergraduate
Klebsiella pneumoniae, environment, evolution, antibiotic resistance, mobilization of transposons
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
An evolutionary approach to human variability in brown adipose tissue activity
Lynnette Sievert
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session and reception
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Lynnette Leidy Sievert, UMass Amherst; Daniel E. Brown, University of Hawaii at Hilo
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) may have protective effects on the development of obesity and diabetes. BAT is the main contributor to non-shivering thermogenesis (NST), an important means of adapting to cold in eutherian mammals, through the action of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). Early hominins were likely exposed to diurnal cold temperatures without many of the behavioral adaptations developed by more recent hominins. After some populations migrated to colder temperate climates, seasonal and mor
leidy@anthro.umass.edu
Faculty
brown adipose tissue, acclimatization, human variation
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
Preterm birth as a strategy against the deleterious effects of psychosocial stress in teenage pregnancy: a retrospective analysis.
Lukas Blumrich
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session and reception
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Lukas Blumrich, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo; Marco Aurelio Knippel Galletta, Disciplina de Obstetrícia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo; Adriana Lippi Waissman, Divisão de Clinica Obstetrica, Hospital das Clinicas HCMFUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo; Rossana Pulcineli Vieira Francisco, Disciplina de Obstetrícia, Departamento de
Background: Psychosocial stress severely impacts fetal development. Evolutionary theory suggests that such changes may not only be due to pathological constraints or disruption but also alternative developmental strategies aimed at optimizing the chances of survival for both the mother and the baby. According to life history theory, these may differ between adolescent and adult women. In this study, we hypothesized that late preterm birth could be one such strategy in a highly stressed intrauter
lukas.blumrich@fm.usp.br
Graduate/medical student
pregnancy; dohad; reproduction; stress; fetal programming; preterm
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
Evaluating patterns of evolutionary mismatch across human diseases
Laurel Moyse
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session and reception
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Laurel Moyse, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Laura Perez, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; George Perry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park.
Evolutionary mismatch, when previously adaptive traits become detrimental due to changes in the environment, is suggested as a contributing factor to the prevalence of many human diseases with genetic components. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are widely used to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with variation in specific traits, including a wide range of diseases. By combining the large amount of publicly available GWAS data with evolutionary genomic analyses,
lcm5558@psu.edu
Graduate/medical student
mismatch, positive selection, human genetics, disease genetics
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
Culture-bound attitudes and the embodiment of socio-political stress in pregnant Filipina women
Kristine Joy Chua
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session and reception
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Kristine Joy Chua, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA; Zoe Pamonag, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Jessica Gabuten Asuncion, Mariano Marcos State University, Batac, Philippines; Lia Lourdes Francisco, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines; Abigail Bigham, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
Fear and concerns about the current socio-political environment are becoming a world-wide issue for maternal and fetal health. Policies from authoritarian governments that are resulting in the rise of preterm births. Yet, little is known concerning how mothers perceive and embody the socio-political environment around them. We identify the Philippines, a country experiencing intense State violence from former President Duterte’s administration, as a prime location to contextualize and inform our
kristinechua@ucsb.edu
Fellow/postdoc
prenatnal stress, cross-cultural, politics, health
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
Siblings in hormonal synchrony
Heather Habecker
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session and reception
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Heather Habecker, Baylor University, Waco; Anna Samsonov, Baylor University, Waco; Robert Walker, University of Missouri, Columbia; Mark Flinn, Baylor University, Waco.
Analysis of twelve years of systematic monitoring of hormones levels of children (n=424 participants, 22,563 saliva samples) and their families in natural, everyday context indicates high levels of synchrony of cortisol levels among siblings (n>4,000 sib dyads, >61k non-sib dyads; full brothers r = .38, full sisters r = .36, full brother-sister r = .35; non-sibs r = .15 p<.001 for all non-sib to sib comparisons). Here we examine factors that are associated with the remarkable similarity of hormo
Heather_habecker1@baylor.edu
Faculty
Cortisol, Siblings, Synchrony, Morbidity
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
In the Light of Evolution: Evaluating the Effects of Evolutionary Adaptations In Two-Component Response Systems (Escherichia coli K12 MG1655)
Brittany Sanders
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Brittany Sanders, Maria Ford, Sydney Townsend, Joseph L. Graves Jr, and Misty Thomas
Bacteria are continuously interacting with their surroundings and therefore must quickly respond to changes in a wide range of environmental niches. For survival, bacteria must sense, respond, and acclimate to these environmental conditions via (1) Acclimation- changes in genetic expression or (2) Adaptation- the acquisition of simple mutations. Consequently, bacteria have evolved robust machinery composed of intricate signal transduction networks known as two- component response systems (TCRS)
brsander@aggies.ncat.edu
Graduate/medical student
Evolution; signal transduction, e.coli
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
A putatively adaptive missense variant in ICAM1 is associated with lower systolic blood pressure in Andean highlanders
James Yu
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session and reception
Atrium
Poster
1:30
James J. Yu, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Wanjun Gu, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Cecelia Anza, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; Chad D. Huff, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Ryan J. Bohlender, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Julie Houck, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA; Lilian Toledo-Jaldin, Hospital Materno-Infantil, La Paz, Bolivia
Hypobaric hypoxia exerts a significant evolutionary pressure on highlanders who have resided at high altitude for thousands of years, resulting in genomic signatures of natural selection. We identified ICAM1 as a genetic region under positive selection within Andean highlanders and further identified the single-nucleotide variant (SNV) rs1799969 as the potential functional variant within this region using bioinformatic approaches. We then genotyped rs1799969 in 255 Andean highlanders and found 6
jayu@health.ucsd.edu
Graduate/medical student
hypoxia; adaptation; ICAM1; systolic blood pressure; Andean
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
The missing tradeoff: how prenatal and postnatal testosterone mediate female life histories
Bernard Crespi
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session and reception
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Bernard Crespi, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby; Aiden Bushell, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby; Natalie Dinsdale, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby.
The study of female life histories has thus far focused mainly on estrogen, progesterone, and prolactin, and tradeoffs between current and future reproduction. We describe evidence from genetics, development, physiology, endocrinology, immunology, and life history that prenatal and postnatal testosterone centrally mediate tradeoffs of fertility and fecundity with survival in female humans and other mammals. These tradeoffs, and their extremes, also generate susceptibility to a suite of low- or
crespi@sfu.ca
Faculty
testosterone, tradeoffs, fertility, fecundity, survival, women
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
Exogenous estrogens and immunity. Systematic review and meta-analysis
Tomasz Nowak
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session and reception
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Tomasz J. Nowak, Baylor, Waco; Michael P. Muehlenbein, Baylor, Waco
Estrogen is an essential hormone for survival and health, both for women and men. Its influence is inflicted on reproduction, development, bone health, cancer, immunity, and many others. These are one of the most commonly used drugs by women, and their effects on health have been studied to a great extent, even in clinical trials. Nevertheless, the evidence on the effect of exogenous estrogens on immunity is scarce and scattered, considering the importance of the immune system. Thus, the objecti
tomasz.jaroslaw.nowak@gmail.com
Graduate/medical student
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
Turkana Warrior Cortisol and PTSD
Matthew Zefferman
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Mathew Zefferman, Michael Baumgarten, Ben Trumble, Matthew Zefferman
Existing research suggests that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with lower cortisol sensitivity, as indicated by a blunted diurnal cortisol slope. However, these studies were mostly done in western industrialized populations, and so it is unclear whether this blunting is a cross-cultural physiological response to PTSD. Furthermore, these studies combine PTSD from diverse types of trauma, and the comparison groups with and without PTSD differ along multiple dimensions, making
mdbaumg1@asu.edu
Graduate/medical student
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
Antibiotic Stewardship as a Method for Analyzing Trends in Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae
Michelle Blyth
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session and reception
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Michelle Blyth, Louisiana State University, New Orleans Louisiana; Juilo Figueroa, Louisiana State University, New Orleans Louisiana.
The pneumococcal vaccine was introduced to the United States in 2000. Cases of pneumococcal disease have dropped significantly along with rates of invasive disease and penicillin resistance. A vaccine targeting a virulence factor is predicted to select for decreasingly invasive disease, but the causal links between vaccines and penicillin resistance remain obscure. We analyzed antibiotic stewardship data from an urban hospital system. These data show decreasing Streptococcus pneumoniae isolatio
mblyth@lsuhsc.edu
Faculty
Antibiotic Resistance, Virulence, Pubic Health
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
Immunometabolic Phenotypes during Aging and Mortality Risk
Jeffrey Gassen
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Jeffrey Gassen, Baylor University, Waco, TX; Michael P. Muehlenbein, Baylor University, Waco, TX; Tomasz J. Nowak, Baylor University, Waco, TX; Alexandria D. Henderson, Baylor University, Waco, TX; Edward Thum, Baylor University, Waco, TX; Melissa Patton, Baylor University, Waco, TX
Aging is characterized by increased risk for myriad chronic diseases, several of which often occur together. Common features across many diseases of aging are perturbations in immune and metabolic function. Given that immunity and metabolism are intertwined, new insights into the etiology of chronic illness as people age require multivariate approaches that can model how these systems interact in health and disease over the lifespan. Moreover, recent research suggests that in addition to alterat
jeffrey_gassen@baylor.edu
Fellow/postdoc
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
Implications of anticipated warming temperatures on West Nile virus spreading mosquitoes in North America
Johnny Uelmen
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session and reception
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Johnny Uelmen, Duke University Rebecca Smith, University of Illinois Catherine Lippi, University of Florida Marta Shockett, University of Lancaster Sadie Ryan, University of Florida
The increasing temperatures due to climate change have far-reaching impacts on ecosystems and public health. One area of concern is the spread of mosquito-borne diseases (MBD). In North America, West Nile virus (WNV) is the most widespread and important human MBD. With the anticipated warming temperatures, there is a need to understand the implications of climate change on the transmission dynamics of WNV. Like all arthropods, a mosquito’s rate of development is mediated by external abiotic forc
johnny.uelmen@duke.edu
Fellow/postdoc
climate change, warming temperature, ecology and evolution of infectious diseases, vector borne disease
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
Exposure to a wider variety of paternal antigens is associated with decreased maternal inflammation
Amanda Reshke
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session and reception
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Amanda Reshke, University of California, Los Angeles; Dr. Molly Fox, University of California, Los Angeles
Exposure to male antigens has been shown to induce an immune response in women. This response allows for recognition of paternal antigens, and development of maternal immune tolerance for a potential fetus. Prior exposure to a partner’s antigens has been shown to decrease risk of pregnancy complications. Humans did not evolve to exclusively have one sexual partner throughout a lifetime. We hypothesize that female physiology may have acquired an adaptation to prevent chronic inflammation, whereby
areshke19@ucla.edu
Graduate/medical student
reproductive health, life history, immune tolerance, paternal antigens, pregnancy
Please delete any videotape made of my presentation
Poster
Social Movements as Evolved Responses to Mortality Threats Caused by Disease
Gabriel Evers
8/15/2023
6:00pm
Poster session and reception
Atrium
Poster
1:30
Gabriel Wolf Evers, Crossroads School for Arts & Sciences, Santa Monica
Do humans have an evolved response to environmental danger? Adaptations to danger that enhance the chances for group survival constitute basic evolutionary mechanisms. The theory of social change, cultural evolution, and human development proposes that massive mortality events created by disease or other factors stimulate shifts toward a psychology adapted for the more dangerous environments in which humans evolved. These evolutionarily conserved cognitive and behavioral reactions to increased d
gabrielevers7@gmail.com
Other
Mortality; Social Movements; Cultural Evolution; Behavioral Psychology; Evolutionary Psychology; The Theory of Social Change, Cultural Evolution, and Human Development
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Poster
TUESDAY DINNER (on your own)
8/15/2023
7:30pm
Other location
Other
Dinner
Council dinner
8/15/2023
7:30pm
Other location
Other
Council dinner
WEDNESDAY BREAKFAST
8/16/2023
7:30am
Wednesday Breakfast
Atrium
Other
1:00
Ancient Pathogen Genomes and What They Reveal About the Colonization of Mexico
Maria Ávila-Arcos
8/16/2023
9:00am
Keynote
Auditorium
Plenary talk
1:00
María Ávila-Arcos
Humans and pathogens have co-evolved for millennia. In fact, the battle of humans against pathogens has been a main driver of our evolution. While there’s documental evidence of numerous historic epidemic outbreaks affecting humans, linking symptoms reported during past outbreaks to particular pathogens, has only been possible recently thanks to the coupling of Next Generation Sequencing and ancient DNA research. The study of ancient pathogen genomes has produced rich knowledge about the biology
Charlie Nunn
Faculty
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Keynote 2
WEDNESDAY MORNING COFFEE BREAK
8/16/2023
10:00am
Coffee break 4
Atrium
Other
0:30
Coffee
Exploring the social clustering of female genital mutilation/cutting (FGMC) attitudes among Arsi Oromo agropastoralists in Ethiopia
Sarah Myers
8/16/2023
10:30am
Behavioral Health
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Sarah Myers, University of Bristol, UK; Eshetu Gurmu, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia; Alexandra Alvergne, Institute of Evolutionary Science of Montpellier, France; Daniel Redhead, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany; Mhairi Gibson, University of Bristol, UK
Over 125 million living women and girls have undergone FGMC, which is associated with numerous negative health consequences. Current elimination interventions are heavily influenced by the idea FGMC is a culturally evolved social coordination norm incentivizing matched behaviour, despite limited empirical testing or support. Here we present data from Ethiopian Arsi Oromo, who were documented in 2010 as having high rates of cutting performed just before marriage, but more recently show declines,
sarah.myers@bristol.ac.uk
Sarah Myers
Fellow/postdoc
Female genital mutilation/cutting; social networks; social learning; cultural evolution
Please delete any videotape made of my presentation
6
Sharing Your Science: Public Communication Workshop
Bridget Alex
8/16/2023
10:30am
Public communication
Huntington room
Workshop
1:00
Bridget Alex
Great research is not enough. Scientists must effectively communicate their work to non-specialists, including scholars in other fields, funding agencies, journalists, and diverse publics. This workshop will provide a foundation for researchers who want to write or create content for diverse audiences. SAPIENS editor and anthropologist Dr. Bridget Alex will provide technical and artistic guidance on the craft of public writing, including story structure, connecting with readers, and accessible l
Bridget Alex
Workshop 4
Medical mistrust, social learning, and vaccination decisions in Namibian pastoralists
Sean Prall
8/16/2023
10:45am
Behavioral Health
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Sean Prall, University of Missouri; Brooke Scelza, University of California, Los Angeles; Helen Davis, Arizona State University
Healthcare decisions are an amalgamation of cultural, social, and psychological interactions, including trust in healthcare, local norms, and social learning. Research in industrialized countries highlight the roles medical mistrust play in healthcare decisions, reflecting histories of discrimination and negative experiences with the healthcare system. Despite the vulnerability, disease burdens, and histories of colonialism of many in the developing world, recognition that these experiences shap
sprall@missouri.edu
Sarah Myers
Faculty
Vaccination, medical mistrust, social learning, discrimination
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
6
A Theory of Nursing as Skilled Facilitation of Evolved Capacities for Self-Repair
Chelsea Landolin
8/16/2023
11:00am
Behavioral Health
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Chelsea Landolin, University of California, San Francisco
Nursing is a craft and science deeply rooted in theoretical scholarship. However, like medicine, nursing has historically underutilized evolutionary principles and lacks recognition that evolutionary biology deserves a place among its fundamental sciences. Despite this, nursing theories that emphasize natural law, such as Sr. Callista Roy's Adaptation Theory, Florence Nightingale's Model of Nursing, and Laurie Gottlieb's Developmental/Health Framework, can effectively align with these principles
chelsea.landolin@ucsf.edu
Sarah Myers
Clinician/health professional
nursing, evolution, evolved capacities for self-repair
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
6
Systematic review and meta-analysis of how antipyretics and heat affect the course of viral respiratory infections in adults
Brandon Hidaka
8/16/2023
11:30am
Microbes and infection
Auditorium
Talk
0:00
Brandon Hidaka, Mayo Clinic Health System, Eau Claire, Wisconsin; Sebastian Torres, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire; Nathan Hau, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire; Emily Vanderpas, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire; Samuel Petit, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire; Tamim Rajjo, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
Viral upper respiratory infections (URIs) are common and cause catastrophic pandemics. Patients and physicians routinely manage URIs with antipyretics. Animals universally respond to infections with a fever, which experimentally improves survival and speeds clearance. Human trials and observational studies have found harmful, equivocal, and beneficial effects of antipyretics on URI outcomes. We tested the hypothesis that antipyretics prolong URIs and, conversely, increasing body temperature acce
hidaka.brandon@mayo.edu
Misty Thomas
Clinician/health professional
viral upper respiratory infection, fever, antipyretic, heat
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
7
Navigating challenges, identifying solutions, and pathways for the future: a workshop to strengthen collaborative evolutionary medicine
Johnny Uelmen
8/16/2023
11:30am
Navigating challenges, identifying solutions, and pathways for the future: a workshop to strengthen collaborative evolutionary medicine
Huntington room
Panel discussion
1:00
Johnny Uelmen, johnny.uelmen@duke.edu Charlie Nunn, clnunn@duke.edu Georgia Titcomb, georgiatitcomb@googlemail.com
We propose to hold a workshop to connect leaders of different evolutionary medicine programs and centers. As with past events, this will be an opportunity to network with other centers to share ideas for governance, programming, and sustainability. It will also serve as an opportunity to plan collaborative efforts, including Club EvMed. Lastly, we will identify current frontiers of evolutionary medicine and the ways that we can bring our communities together to advance those frontiers through
johnny.uelmen@duke.edu
Johnny Uelmen
multi-department collaboration and networking, navigating challenges, exploring new frontiers
Roundtable 1
Therapeutic potential of tradeoffs during adaptation of E. coli to the inflamed mouse gut
Nadia Andrea Andreani
8/16/2023
11:45am
Microbes and infection
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Nadia Andrea Andreani, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön & Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; Rahul Unni, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön & Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; Daniel Unterweger, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön & Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; John F. Baines, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön & Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
Inflammatory bowel disease is characterized by changes in the gut, and IBD patients are known to show gut dysbiosis when compared to healthy individuals. Disease-mediated changes in the intestine impose different selection pressures on the microbiome, resulting in selection for disease-specific microbial traits. In our study, we performed a long term in-vivo evolution experiment of Escherichia coli in a mouse model of IBD to study the adaptation of the gut microbiome to chronic inflammation with
andreani@evolbio.mpg.de
Misty Thomas
Fellow/postdoc
in-vivo evolution, E.coli, gut adaptation, shotgun metagenomics
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
7
Exploring phenotypic and genotypic modification of Streptococcus mutans co- adapted to simulated microgravity and silver on using experimental evolution.
Mizpha Fernander
8/16/2023
12:00pm
Microbes and infection
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Kelyah Spurgeon, North Carolina A&T State University Greensboro, NC; Jada Graves, North Carolina A&T State University Greensboro, NC; Wynter Guess, North Carolina A&T State University Greensboro, NC; Jordan Miller, North Carolina A&T State University Greensboro, NC; Chanell Mangum, North Carolina A&T State University Greensboro, NC; Joseph L. Graves Jr. North Carolina A&T State University Greensboro, NC; and Misty Thomas, North Carolina A&T State University Greensboro, NC
Maintaining life on extended missions in space is a priority for NASA. Space travelers’ immune system undergoes dysregulation, causing susceptibility to opportunistic infections. Decreased saliva flow and low bone density increase infections by dental caries and plaque causing Streptococcus microorganism. NASA intends to switch to silver into PWD on the ISS. S. mutans are well studied on earth; however it’s not studied on extended space exploration. This research study aims to examine the evolu
mcfernan@aggies.ncat.edu
Misty Thomas
Fellow/postdoc
Simulated Microgravity, Experimental Evolution, Microbiology, Streptococcus mutans, Co-Adaptation
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
7
Adaptive response of the dental pathogen Streptococcus mutans to simulated microgravity.
Misty Thomas
8/16/2023
12:15pm
Microbes and infection
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Misty Thomas, North Carolina A&T State University, Mizpha Fernander, North Carolina A&T State University, Joseph Graves, North Carolina A&T State University
The physiological changes that take place in an organism during space travel are not well understood. As we continue to push boundaries of exploration, we must consider the impact that evolution has on the microbes in which we carry. The oral microbiome plays a role in not only maintaining oral health, but also in maintaining systemic health. Despite this, dental decay remains one of the highest prevailing diseases and NASA lists dental health conditions as a major concern for occurrence during
mthomas1@ncat.edu
Misty Thomas
Faculty
Experimental evolution, dental infections, adaptation, outer space, microgravity
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
7
WEDNESDAY LUNCH
8/16/2023
12:30pm
Lunch 2
Atrium
Other
1:00
Lunch
Disease from opposing forces in regulatory control
Steven Frank
8/16/2023
1:30pm
EvMed @UC Irvine
Auditorium
Plenary talk
0:20
Steven Frank, University of California Irvine
Some traits are regulated by the balance of opposing forces. Perturbations disrupt the balance and cause disease. For example, in mammals several strong growth promotors oppose various strong growth suppressors. Imbalance causes overgrowth or undergrowth. Searching for similarly opposed regulatory forces in other traits may provide insight into disease. I mention two promising examples. First, when natural selection favors different trait expression in males and females, conflicting selection on
saf@stevefrank.org
Molly Fox
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
EvMed @UC Irvine
Aging, Immortality, and Diet
Michael Rose
8/16/2023
1:50pm
EvMed @ UC Irvine
Auditorium
Plenary talk
0:20
Michael R. Rose, University of California, Irvine; Laurence D. Mueller, University of California, Irvine
For the last 36 years, the Rose laboratory at UC Irvine has performed basic research on the evolutionary foundations of aging using experimental evolution in Drosophila. During this period, we have also been increasingly drawn in to the question of how best to apply the evolutionary biology of aging to the practical development of preventative and therapeutic strategies for medical patients suffering from aging-associated diseases. Here are a few key conclusions from our research. 1. Aging is no
mrrose@uci.edu
Molly Fox
Faculty
evolutionary biology of aging; forces of natural selection; diet
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
EvMed @UC Irvine
Why Mothers Matter: From Evolution to Principles of Brain Maturation.
Tallie Z. Baram
8/16/2023
2:10pm
EvMed @UC Irvine
Auditorium
Plenary talk
0:20
Tallie Z. Baram, UC-Irvine, CA USA
The crucial role of the maternal instincts to nurture their offspring, in the preservation of a species is well recognized throughout evolution, Yet, beyond survival, maternal signals to her young sculpt their development and enable the maturation of a healthy, functional brain. In human and non-human primates, the importance of maternal ‘positive’ behaviors for the development of attachment and subsequent mental and cognitive health has been well documented. Indeed, imaging studies have correla
tallie@uci.edu
Molly Fox
critical period maternal signals adversity evolution imprinting
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
EvMed @UC Irvine
Better together: Bacteriophage Cocktails More Effectively Constrain Bacterial Growth
Katrine Whiteson
8/16/2023
2:30pm
EvMed @UC Irvine
Auditorium
Plenary talk
0:20
Katrine Whiteson, Stephen Wandro, Eric Adams, Alisha, Monsibais, Sage Dunham
The potential for bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) to target and kill specific bacterial pathogens is very exciting in an era of rising antibiotic resistance and overuse of antibiotics. Phages are capable of killing infectious pathogenic bacteria while leaving the beneficial bacteria intact, and thus, do not result in collateral damage to the gut microbiome typical of antibiotic treatment. My lab is home to the Orange County Phage Team (OCPT), whose goal is to isolate phages that ta
katrine@uci.edu
Molly Fox
phage therapy, antibiotic resistance, experimental evolution
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
EvMed @UC Irvine
WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON COFFEE BREAK
8/16/2023
3:00pm
Coffee break 5
Atrium
Other
0:30
The importance of Moort (family) is highlighted through embedding Australian Aboriginal perspectives into evolutionary medicine curricula
David Coall
8/16/2023
3:30pm
Education in Evolutionary Medicine
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
David A. Coall, Edith Cowan University, Australia; Francesca Robertson, Edith Cowan University, Australia; Noel Nannup, Edith Cowan University, Australia; Dan McAullay, Edith Cowan University, Australia; Alison Nannup, Edith Cowan University, Australia; Braden Hill, Edith Cowan University, Australia.
As our world and learning environments change at ever increasing rates, the value of diverse perspectives around any issue has never been more important. This presentation details a collaborative research relationship with staff in Kurongkurl Katitjin that has used the concept of koodjal djinang (two-way seeing), and culminated in the embedding of Aboriginal perspectives in evolutionary medicine curricula. Over the past six years, a rewarding exchange of information, ideas and perspectives using
d.coall@ecu.edu.au
David Coall
Faculty
Aboriginal perspectives, diversity in evolutionary medicine curricula, teaching,
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Symposium 1
How to publish and peer review in EMPH
Cynthia Beall
8/16/2023
3:30pm
How to publish and peer review in EMPH
Huntington room
Workshop
1:00
Cynthia Beall & Ben Trumble
Workshop 5
Development, field testing and validation of the Health Sciences version of the Conceptual Inventory of Natural Selection (HS-CNS)
Dianne Anderson
8/16/2023
3:45pm
Education in Evolutionary Medicine
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Dianne L. Anderson, Point Loma Nazarene University Heather O. McKoy, Independent Scholar Theodore J. Anderson, Point Loma Nazarene University
Evolutionary medicine seeks to apply the principles of natural selection to understanding human physiology and diseases. However, most college students majoring in kinesiology or nursing take anatomy & physiology as their general education life science course rather than a general biology course. Since A&P courses typically do not include explicit instruction on natural selection, these students may have a gap in understanding these important concepts that apply to their future occupations. The
dianneanderson@pointloma.edu
David Coall
Faculty
natural selection, nursing, kinesiology, assessment
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Symposium 1
The Mummy Explorer - a self-regulated open-access online teaching tool
Anja Furtwängler
8/16/2023
4:00pm
Education in Evolutionary Medicine
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Anja Furtwängler, Institute for Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich. Chris Baumann, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki. Kerttu Majander, Institute for Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich. Shevan Wilkin, Institute for Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich. Nadja Tomoum, Institute for Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich. Frank Rühli, Institute for Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich. Adrian V. Jaeggi, Institute for Evolutionary Medicine, University of
Virtual teaching tools, and in particular media-based and self-regulated tools, have gained increasing importance in recent years. What is missing are tools that allow to interlink highly interdisciplinary fields such as evolutionary medicine and, at the same time, allow to adapt content to different lectures. We designed an interactive online teaching tool, the Mummy Explorer, using open-access software. The tool has a modular design and provides an overview of a virtual mummy excavation, inclu
nicole.bender@iem.uzh.ch
David Coall
Faculty
education, online teaching, blended learning, teaching tools
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Symposium 1
Diversity and inclusion in EMPH
8/16/2023
5:00pm
Diversity and inclusion in EMPH/ISEMPH
Auditorium
Panel discussion
0:30
Joe Graves, Jay Labov, Cynthia Beall, Charlie Nunn
Roundtable 2
Networking event
8/16/2023
5:30pm
Networking event
Atrium
Other
1:30
Networking event
WEDNESDAY CONFERENCE DINNER BBQ
8/16/2023
7:00pm
Conference dinner
Atrium
Other
1:30
Conference dinner
THURSDAY BREAKFAST
8/17/2023
7:30am
Atrium
Other
1:00
Clonal evolution and cancer – causes and consequences
James DeGregori
8/17/2023
9:00am
Keynote
Auditorium
Plenary talk
1:00
James DeGregori, University of Colorado Cancer Center Marco De Dominici, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus (Aurora, CO) Edward J Evans, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus (Aurora, CO), Emilia Lim, The Francis Crick Institute (London), University College London Cancer Institute (London) Fabio Marongiu, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus (Aurora, CO), Andrew Goodspeed, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus (Aurora, CO), Andrii I Rozhok, University o
Why do we get cancer? Why is cancer highly associated with old age, and why are insults like smoking associated with increased risk of cancers? Of course, these contexts all cause mutations, and some of these mutations can contribute to malignant phenotypes. But we now understand that carcinogenesis is much more complex than originally appreciated. There are microenvironmental forces that both impede and promote cancer evolution. Just as organismal evolution is known to be driven by environmenta
james.degregori@cuanschutz.edu
Gillian Bentley
Faculty
cancer, ageing
Keynote 3
Coffee break 6
8/17/2023
10:00am
Coffee break 6
Atrium
Other
0:30
Coffee
Novel Perspectives on Cancer: Ecology, Evolution, and the Environment
Anuraag Bukkuri
8/17/2023
10:15am
Auditorium
Symposium
1:00
Leonard Nunney: https://biology.ucr.edu/people/faculty/Nunney.html, nunney@ucr.edu Emma U. Hammarlund: https://tide.blogg.lu.se/molecular-evolution/, emma.hammarlund@med.lu.se Michael Metzger: https://www.pnri.org/research/labs/metzger-lab/, metzgerm@pnri.org
Traditionally, cancer has been viewed as a disease of uncontrolled proliferation. This has led to a cell-centric view with limited progress in the treatment of advanced cancers despite massive financial investment since the "war on cancer" was declared over 50 years ago. Although the importance of understanding eco-evolutionary dynamics has been appreciated in recent years and evolutionary therapies are on the rise, much remains lacking in our understanding of oncogenesis.   Via a series of talk
anuraag.bukkuri@moffitt.org
Anuraag Bukkuri
Faculty
Cancer evolution, comparative oncology, history of life, transmissible cancers
Evolution of Contagious Cancers in Clams
Michael Metzger
8/17/2023
10:30am
Novel Perspectives on Cancer: Ecology, Evolution, and the Environment
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Michael J Metzger, Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
Cancer is not normally contagious, but in several cases in nature, cancer cells have evolved the ability to jump from one animal to another, essentially becoming a clonal, asexually reproducing cell line. In clams, cockles, and other bivalves, multiple leukemia-like cancers have arisen and spread through the environment. In some cases they have jumped from one species to another and, in the case of mussels, they have spread around the world, with cancer cells from a single founder animal found i
metzgerm@pnri.org
Anurag Bukkuri
Faculty
cancer evolution, transmissible cancer, cancer genetics
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Symposium 2
The body is not a machine: What can replace the misleading metaphor?
Randolph Nesse
8/17/2023
10:30am
Body is not a machine
Huntington room
Symposium
1:00
Fred Nijhout <hfn@duke.edu>, https://nijhoutlab.biology.duke.edu/ Matt David <mattdavid@tamu.edu>, https://medicine.tamu.edu/omsre/msr.html Arvid Ågren <arvid.agren@ebc.uu.se> https://medicine.tamu.edu/omsre/msr.html Randolph Nesse nesse@umich.edu. https://RandolphNesse.com
iewing the body as a machine helped biology escape from vitalism, but it is now a zombie metaphor that conceals important differences between designed and evolved systems. Machines are designed by engineers to serve specific aims. Bodies are products of natural selection that mindlessly shapes organisms to the single aim of maximizing gene transmission. Machines have distinct parts with specific functions connected by simple pathways. Bodies have parts with multiple intertwined functions. Machin
nesse@umich.edu
Randolph Nesse
Faculty
Body as machine metaphor, tacit creationism, disease vulnerability
Symposium 3
Tacit creationism and the limits of the machine metaphor
J. Arvid Ågren
8/17/2023
10:30am
The body is not a machine: What can replace the misleading metaphor?
Huntington room
Talk
0:15
J. Arvid Ågren, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland; Randolph M. Nesse, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
Much progress has been made in biology and medicine by treating parts of organism like parts of machines and asking what their functions are. But the metaphor also fosters a tacit creationism that conceals important differences between designed and evolved systems. Machines have an ideal type defined by blueprints that describe discrete parts with specific functions that interact in simple ways to advance a purpose envisioned by engineers. Bodies, in contrast, are products of varying genes that
agrenj@ccf.org
Randolph Nesse
Faculty
Genetic conflicts; paradox of the organism
Please delete any videotape made of my presentation
Symposium 3
Coping with chemical fluctuations – ancient, fundamental, and possibly lost
Emma Hammarlund
8/17/2023
10:45am
Novel Perspectives on Cancer: Ecology, Evolution, and the Environment
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Emma U. Hammarlund1*, Anuraag Bukkuri1,2, Magnus Norling3, Nicole R. Posth4, Christopher Carroll1, Etienne Baratchart1, Sarah R. Amend5, Robert A. Gatenby2, Kenneth J. Pienta5, Joel S. Brown2, Shanan Peters6, Kasper Hancke7 Emma U. Hammarlund, Tissue Development and Evolution (TiDE) Group, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Anuraag Bukkuri, Robert A. Gatenby, and Joel S. Brown, Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa,
Human tissue homeostasis represents a phenomenally intricate mesh of biochemical interactions. These interactions were tested out and selected for over life’s history on Earth. At one transition in this history, small simple animals diversified where tissues of bulkier animals were no longer as exposed to the external environment. What triggered this transition remains largely unknown, and what it meant for how vertebrate cells today tackle chemical environmental fluctuations during tissue homeo
emma.hammarlund@med.lu.se
Anurag Bukkuri
Faculty
evolution, animals, cancer, fluctuations, HIF-a
Please delete any videotape made of my presentation
Symposium 2
Replacing the Machine Metaphor in Medicine: The Contingent Adaptive Model
Matthew David
8/17/2023
10:45am
The body is not a machine: What can replace the misleading metaphor?
Huntington room
Talk
0:15
Matthew David Texas A&M University School of Medicine Medical Scholar Research Pathway Program
The conceptualization of the body as a machine with interacting physical mechanisms, operating under the same natural forces as non-biological systems, may be credited with recent advances in medicine. However, rather than reversal of disease mechanisms uncovered by this machine metaphor, life expectancy gains have primarily resulted from reduced early infectious disease mortality, and enhanced food availability. Medicine has not significantly extended human lifespan, nor stemmed the rising tide
mattdavid@tamu.edu
Randolph Nesse
Graduate/medical student
biological contingency, evolutionary medicine, machine metaphor
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Symposium 3
Estimating excess cancer risk: an evolutionary approach.
Leonard Nunney
8/17/2023
11:00am
Novel Perspectives on Cancer: Ecology, Evolution, and the Environment
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Leonard Nunney, University of California, Riverside
The evolutionary model of multistage carcinogenesis was used to detect cancers that would have resulted in an unusually high fitness loss if the current incidence patterns were typical of pre-historic human populations. A high fitness loss is inconsistent with the selection-drift equilibrium expected given an evolutionary model of cancer suppression and suggests that some changed environmental factor has resulted in a modern increase in risk. In some cases, factors responsible have been suggeste
nunney@ucr.edu
Anuraag Bukkuri
Faculty
cancer, evolution,
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Symposium 2
The organic complexity of fitness mesas creates robustness, fragility and disease heritability
Fred Nijhout
8/17/2023
11:00am
The body is not a machine: What can replace the misleading metaphor?
Huntington room
Talk
0:15
H. Frederik Nijhout, Duke University, Durham NC; Randolph M. Nesse, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ.
Explaining the persistence of alleles that increase the risk of polygenic diseases remains challenging. Mutation-selection balance, genetic drift, balancing selection, migration, and mismatch all can contribute, but vulnerability to most diseases cannot be attributed to a specific unfavorable combination of alleles. Instead, disease heritability can result from alleles with pleiotropic effects whose epistatic interactions shift the location of phenotypes on fitness landscapes. A mathematical mod
hfn@duke.edu
Randolph Nesse
Faculty
Evolution, fitness landscapes, genotype-phenotype mapping
Please delete any videotape made of my presentation
Symposium 3
An eco-evolutionary model of cancer initiation and evolution
8/17/2023
11:15am
Novel Perspectives on Cancer: Ecology, Evolution, and the Environment
Auditorium
Talk
0:00
Frederik R Adler
Recent detailed study of cells in adults shows that few if any cells are actually "normal." Instead, any renewing tissue is made up of lineages with increasing numbers of aberrant traits, many of which are associated with excess growth. Nonetheless, most incipient growths, whether in the primary tissue or at sites of metastasis, are contained by a wide range of controls both within the cell and in its microenvironment. I will present a modeling framework to address the continual emergenc
Anuraag Bukkurki
cancer; evolution
Symposium 2
Vulnerabilities in designed and evolved systems have different origins
Randolph Nesse
8/17/2023
11:15am
The body is not a machine: What can replace the misleading metaphor?
Huntington room
Talk
0:15
Randolph M. Nesse, The University of Michigan and Arizona State University
An evolutionary explanation of a disease describes the origins and persistence of traits that make all individuals in a species vulnerable. Applying the categories useful for explaining disease vulnerability to designed systems reveals major limitations of the metaphor of bodies as machines. Design flaws in a species result from I path dependence and genetic drift, but design flaws in machines are from engineering errors that can be corrected by starting fresh. Deleterious individual differences
nesse@umich.edu
Randolph Nesse
Faculty
Metaphor of body as machine, tacit creationism, explaining vulnerability
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
Symposium 3
Tumourpalaeopathology: How Can We Identify Breast Cancer Types using Bioarchaeology?
Gillian Bentley
8/17/2023
11:30am
Cancer evolution
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Gillian R Bentley, Durham University, Durham, UK
Tumor identification in skeletons is often restricted to lesions indicating secondary bone cancer. Here, I discuss how bioarchaeological contexts could improve identification of breast cancer (BC) type. Previous scholars have suggested that, in the past, BC was mostly receptor negative (R-), representing base line, stochastic levels of BC occurring among reproductively aged women. Rising rates of BC in industrialised nations reflect receptor positive (R+) cases among post-menopausal women relati
g.r.bentley@durham.ac.uk
Anuraag Bukkurki
Faculty
palaeopathology, breast cancer, tumor identification
Please delete any videotape made of my presentation
8
Professional Skills Development: Navigating Graduate School from Application to Employment
MICHAEL MUEHLENBEIN
8/17/2023
11:30am
Professional Skills Development: Navigating Graduate School from Application to Employment
Huntington room
Workshop
1:00
Michael Muehlenbein, michael_muehlenbein@baylor.edu
Navigating graduate school is challenging. Understanding processes and expectations, piloting through unwritten curricula, and coping with imposter syndrome and work-life imbalance are arduous and frustrating. This workshop, intended for current graduate students as well as undergraduates considering graduate school, aims to help demystify some otherwise complicated but often underemphasized aspects of graduate education. Panelists will provide short presentations and lead discussions about d
michael_muehlenbein@baylor.edu
Michael Muehlenbein
Graduate education, professional skills development
Workshop 6
Models of Resistance in State-Structured Neuroblastoma Populations
Anuraag Bukkuri
8/17/2023
11:45am
Cancer evolution
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Anuraag Bukkuri, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa
Neuroblastoma is a pediatric brain cancer of variable clinical presentation. The causes behind the initiation, progression, and ultimate resistance of this cancer is unknown, though it is recognized that two cellular phenotypes underpin its deadliness: adrenergic (ADRN) and mesenchymal (MES). How these pheno- types influence the eco-evolutionary dynamics of neuroblastoma cell popula- tions (especially under therapy) remains a mystery. This is due to the confu- sion surrounding whether the ADRN a
anuraag.bukkuri@moffitt.org
Anuraag Bukkurki
Graduate/medical student
Eco-evolutionary dynamics, cancer evolution, therapeutic resistance, game theory, structured populations
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
8
THURSDAY LUNCH AND BUSINESS MEETING
8/17/2023
12:30pm
Business meeting lunch
Auditorium
Other
1:00
Business meeting lunch
Applying the Synergies of Evolutionary and Engineering Systems Approaches for Failure Analyses in Health and Medicine
Guru Madhavan
8/17/2023
1:30pm
Applying the Synergies of Evolutionary and Engineering Systems Approaches for Failure Analyses in Health and Medicine
Auditorium
Panel discussion
1:00
Guru Madhavan, National Academy of Engineering; Jay Labov, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Randolph Nesse, Arizona State University and University of Michigan; Bernard Crespi, Simon Fraser University; Barbara Natterson-Horowitz, UCLA and Harvard; Steve Frank, University of California, Irvine
Failure is a topic of major importance for both biological and technological systems. There is a long history of engineers taking inspiration from biological systems and biologists taking inspiration from engineered systems. Engineers, for instance, have developed buildings, cars, trains, new materials, and software inspired by the selection techniques learned from evolutionary approaches. Similarly, the current understanding of how cancer develops is based on models grounded in mathematical ana
gmadhavan@nae.edu
Guru Madhavan
Systems engineering, failure analysis, case studies, evolutionary medicine, health, fault tolerance, safety
Panel discussion 1
Global variation in the human milk microbiome by geography and maternal nutrition across low, middle, and high-income settings
Melissa Manus
8/17/2023
2:30pm
Childcare
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Melissa B. Manus, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Kelsey Fehr, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Mark DeBoer, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA; Joann McDermid, Consultant, Charlottesville, USA; Patrick Kolsteren, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Trenton Dailey-Chwalibóg, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laeticia Toe, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium & Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso; Yasir Shafiq, Aga Khan University, Ka
An ecological and evolutionary perspective highlights human milk (HM) as a complex matrix that connects maternal physiology, early life environments, and infant health. While the benefits of HM feeding for infant growth are well documented across populations, the biological pathways underlying different health phenotypes among HM-fed infants are poorly understood. Since HM composition reflects maternal physiology and influences the development of the infant microbiome and immune system, variatio
mmanus09@gmail.com
Alejandra Núñez- de la Mora
Fellow/postdoc
Microbiome; Human milk; Global health; Infant health
Please delete any videotape made of my presentation
9
What Needs to Change in Education to Foster Convergence of Evolutionary Medicine and Engineering?
Jay Labov
8/17/2023
2:30pm
What Needs to Change in Education to Foster Convergence of Evolutionary Medicine and Engineering?
Huntington room
Panel discussion
1:00
Jay Labov, National Academy of Engineering; Guru Madhaven, National Academy of Engineering; Randolph Nesse, University of Michigan and Arizona State University
Explaining system failures is a major focus in engineering. Understanding vulnerability to disease is the focus for parallel efforts in medicine and public health. Methods from engineering have potential applications in medicine, and evolutionary explanations for vulnerability to disease may prove useful in engineering. In a forum held last December at the National Academy of Engineering, the following questions were explored: 1. How are failure modes in engineered and evolved systems similar an
jblabov@gmail.com
Jay Labov
Engineering, evolutionary medicine, systems, failure
Roundtable 3
Maternal grandmothers maintain investment in grandchildren who have experienced early adversity
David Coall
8/17/2023
2:45pm
Childcare
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
David A. Coall, Edith Cowan University, Australia; Samuli Helle, University of Turku, Finland; Antti O. Tanskanen, University of Turku and Population Research Institute, Finland; Mirkka Danielsbacka, University of Turku and Population Research Institute, Finland
The early environment has established long-term consequences for an individual’s reproduction and health. There is growing evidence that reproductive schedules can be modified by early life experiences. In addition, this early period of life is when grandparents have the biggest influence on grandchild development. Therefore, a grandparents’ inclusive fitness returns on investment may be dependent on a grandchild’s experiences of early adversity. To investigate whether grandchildren’s adverse ea
d.coall@ecu.edu.au
Alejandra Núñez- de la Mora
Faculty
early stress, grandparent, grandchildren, buffering, grandparental investment, nationally representative
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
9
Why do Grandparents Care?
Rebecca Bullingham
8/17/2023
3:00pm
Childcare
Auditorium
Talk
0:15
Rebecca Bullingham, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia; Shantha P. Karthigesu, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia; David A. Coall, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia.
There is a consensus that grandparents providing grandchild care experience health benefits, however, some recent studies show inconsistent findings. Variations in frequency and intensity of grandchild care may explain these inconsistencies. Another, currently unexplored explanation, is that grandparents have different motivations (e.g., autonomy versus obligation) and these motivations may moderate the association between grandparenting and health. Employing a mixed methods design, focus groups
r.bullingham@ecu.edu.au
Alejandra Núñez- de la Mora
Graduate/medical student
Grandchild care, motivation, negotiation, health, wellbeing
Please post a videotape of my talk online if posting is possible
9
THURSDAY AFTERNOON COFFEE BREAK
8/17/2023
3:30pm
Coffee break 7
Atrium
Other
0:30
Coffee
Mind how you sweat! How enhancer divergence led to the accelerated evolution of the naked and sweaty ape.
Yana Kamberov
8/17/2023
4:00pm
Keynote
Auditorium
Plenary talk
1:00
Yana Kamberov
Humans are unique among mammals in using sweating as the primary mechanism to dump body heat. Humans’ ability to effectively harness sweating as a thermoregulatory mechanism is a product of the evolution of a dramatically increased sweat gland density and a drastic reduction in the size of body hairs relative to other primates. Accordingly, humans have the distinction of being the “the naked, sweaty ape”. I will present the advances our lab has made in identifying the genetic drivers of these un
Cynthia Beall
Faculty
Keynote 4
Closing remarks
8/17/2023
5:00pm
Closing remarks
Auditorium
Other
0:15
Closing remarks
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